Tag: organic compounds with functional group containing oxygen (part-1)

Presence of two electron withdrawing $-No _2$ groups in the ring makes 2,4-dinitrophenol a stronger acid than phenol. Hence it react with aqueous  $Na _2CO _3$ solution to form sodium salt thus making it soluble in $Na _2CO _3$ . 

Option D or Ethanol dissolves in water. 

Rubber and plastic cannot be dissloved in alchol because of nonpolar nature of rubber and plastics

There is a large difference between boiling points of butanol and butanal, although they have almost the same solubility in water. Butanol contains -OH group and can form hydrogen bonds. Hence, the molecules are associated. A large amount of energy is required to break the association. Hence, butanol has a higher boiling point. Hydrogen bonding is not possible in butanal.

Lower alcohols are more soluble in water than higher alcohols. With the increase in the molar mass, solubility decreases. In alcohols, $-OH$ group is polar and forms hydrogen bonds with water. This makes alcohol water soluble. The alkyl chain (hydrocarbon chain) is non-polar and decreases the solubility of alcohol in water.

 Alcohol-containing up to $3-$ carbon atoms are completely miscible with water in all proportions. This is due to the hydrogen bonding with water molecule. 

Pure phenols are generally colorless solids or liquids. Phenols (molecular weight $=94$) have the relatively low melting point. So generally exist in liquid form above room temperature.

Pure Phenols are colorless solids or liquids. These are used as disinfectant due to their chemical properties. Also, because of its acidic nature, it causes immediate white blistering to the skin.