Tag: digestive system of human

The islets of Langerhans are the cells in the pancreas. These cells are responsible for the endocrine functions of the pancreas. There are three type of cells, alpha cells, beta cells and gamma cells. The gamma cells are known delta cells. These cells comprise only 5% of the islets cells. These cells are responsible for the production of somatostatin hormone.

There are two types of cells in the pancreas, the acinar cells and the islet of Langerhans. The acinar cells are lobed cells. These cells are responsible for the exocrine function of the pancreas. They secrete the pancreatic enzymes and forms the pancreatic juice which is involved in the process of digestion.

In organogenesis, cells of the three germ layers lead to the formation of specific structures. The ectoderm eventually forms the outer layer of the skin and gives rise to the nervous system and sense organs. Tissues that eventually line the digestive tract and organs like liver, pancreas and lungs are all of endodermal origin. Skeletal tissue, muscle, and the circulatory, excretory, and reproductive systems are derived from mesoderm.

In liver, alcohol is oxidised into acetaldehyde which is further oxidised into acetate. The latter is converted to acetyl coenzyme A which is used in Krebs' cycle. Ethyl alcohol $\rightarrow $ Acetaldehyde $\rightarrow $  Acetate $\rightarrow $ Acetyl Co A $\rightarrow $ $CO _{2}+H _{2}O$