Tag: biotechnology

Questions Related to biotechnology

Collection of genetic variability is required in plant breeding programme because

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. It leads to inbreeding depression in hybrids

  2. It is the root of any breeding programme

  3. Diverse alleles in germplasm helps you to choose desirable charters

  4. Both (2) and (3)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetic variability is the cornerstone of breeding with the advent of molecular biology, traditional interspecific, intergenetic and plant type barriers to gene transfer have been removed. By isolating the gene for a particular trait and inserting it into a new host by a range of techniques the gene becomes a part of the host.DNA.

So, the correct option is 'Both (2) and (3)'.

"Bengal Desi" is a Hybrid variety of which of the following crops?

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Jute

  2. Cotton

  3. Sesame

  4. Gram

Show answer
Correct Option: B

How many meiotic divisions are necessary for the formation of 100 grains of wheat?

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. 100

  2. 125

  3. 25

  4. 50

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
For formation of 100 grains, 100 male gametes and 100 female gametes (eggs) are required. 100 male gametes are developed from 100 microspores (from 25 meiotic divisions) and 100 eggs are developed from 100 megaspores (from 100 meiotic division).
Hence, number of meiotic divisions necessary for 100 grains formation$ = 25 + 100 = 125$.

In high yielding hybrid crop varieties to exploit hybrid vigour, the farmers need to purchase fresh hybrid seed every year because 

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. They are not allowed to grow their own seed.

  2. Hybrid vigour is lost due to inbreeding depression.

  3. It is cheaper to purchase fresh seed.

  4. Government has accepted Dunkel's proposals.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hybrid vigour will be lost due to inbreeding depression. The increase in the level of production traits due to crossing is called hybrid vigour or heterosis. The term hybrid vigour points at the vigour, which is a real factor that can bee seen by the naked eye, in comparison to pure breeding. The other word heterosis is derived from heterozygosity and points toward the direction form where the effect arises. The direction of the effect of crossing is opposite the effect of inbreeding. Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding - ie., breeding of related individuals. Population biological fitness refers to its ability to survive and reproduce itself.

The first natural hybridization in corn was done by

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Cotton Mather

  2. Thomas Fairchild

  3. Joseph Koerauter

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The crossing between genetically different plants to produce a new variety is called as hybridization. Genetically modified crops can be produced by insertion of genes with desired traits by the process of hybridization. The first natural hybridization was recorded by Cotton Mather. This was observed and documented in corn in the year 1716. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Pomato is a hybrid of

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Potato

  2. Tomato

  3. Wheat

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The crossing between genetically different plants to produce a new variety is called hybridization.
  • Genetically modified crops can be produced by the insertion of genes with desired traits by the process of hybridization.
  • The plants of potato and tomato are the plants of the different genus. These plants are allowed to perform hybridization.
  • The resulting plant variety is known as pomato. Cherry-type tomatoes are grown on the climber while the potatoes are developed below the soil. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Which one is a plant wax?

botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Lanolin

  2. Spermaceti

  3. Carnauba

  4. Petrolatum

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Carnauba wax is made from the leaves of the palm tree. It is also known as palm wax. It is obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm by collecting and drying them, beating them to loosen the wax, then refining and bleaching the wax.

So, the correct answer is 'Carnauba'.

Which of the following is a correct match between crop, variety and resistance to diseases?

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Crop - Wheat, Variety - Himgiri, Resistance to disease - White rust

  2. Crop - Brassica, Variety - Pusa Sadabahar, Resistance to disease - Black rot

  3. Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial blight

  4. Crop - Chilli, Variety - Pusa Swarnim, Resistance to disease - Chilly mosaic virus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A)Crop - Wheat, Variety - Himgiri, Resistance to disease - Leaf and stripe rust, hill blunt.
B)Crop - Brassica, Variety - Pusa swarnim, Resistance to disease - White Dust
C)Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial Blight
D)Crop - Chilli, Variety - Pusa Sadabahar, Resistance to disease - Chilly mosaic virus
So the correct option is 'Crop - Cowpea, Variety - Pusa Komal, Resistance to disease - Bacterial blight'


Which one of the following is not a fungal disease?

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Rust of wheat

  2. Smart of Bajra

  3. Black rot of crucifers

  4. Red rot of sugarcane

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Black rot of Crucifers is not a fungal disease. it is a Bacterial Disease.

So, the correct answer is 'Black rot of crucifers'.

Black rust of wheat is caused by

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Puccinia

  2. Albugo

  3. Ustilago

  4. Cystopus

Show answer
Correct Option: A