Tag: cell-the basic unit of life

Questions Related to cell-the basic unit of life

Who coined the term 'cytology'?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Robert Hooke

  2. Leeuwenhoek

  3. Hertwig

  4. Swammerdam

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

a) The term cytology was termed by Robert Hooke. Cytology, the study of cells as fundamental units of living things.

b) Leeuwenhoek is the first scientist who experiments with microscopes and he named the microbes as animalcules. 
c) Hertwig was a German zoologist and wrote a book by studying sea urchins.
d) Swammerdam was a biologist who dies at a very early age. After his death, his book Biblica Naturae was published. 

Schwann and Schleiden were

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Dutch biologists

  2. English biologists

  3. Austrian biologists

  4. German biologists

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Schleiden defined the cell as the basic unit of plant structure, and a year later Schwann defined the cell as the basic unit of animal structure. Theodor Schwann was a German physiologist and Matthias Jakob Schleiden was a German botanist. The universally accepted cell theory was credited to Schleiden and Schwann for their great contribution.
Hence answer is 'German biologists'

First scientist to observe red blood cells

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Swammerdam

  2. Leeuwenhoek

  3. Rudolf Virchow

  4. Strasburger

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) described cells in a drop of pond water using his microscope. By using a microscope he observes and describes red blood cells in humans and other animals, as well as sperm cells. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Robert Hooke published his work on cork cells in which book?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Genera Plantarum

  2. Species Plantarum

  3. Micrographia

  4. Cytologia

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Correct Option: C

Who is the father of microscopy and microbiology?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Theophrastus

  2. Janssen

  3. Leeuwenhoek

  4. Hooker

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

a) Theophrastus is known as the father of Botany for his different works in plants. 

b) Zacharias Janssen was involved in the invention of the first optical telescope.
c) Leeuwenhoek is known as the father of microscopy and microbiology as he has a great contribution to the establishment of the field microbiology. 

d)  Hooker is the founder of Geographical Botany.
So the correct answer to the question is 'Leeuwenhoek'.

Schleiden (1838) proposed cell to be structural and functional unit of life. His idea was a/an

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Observation.

  2. Assumption.

  3. Generalisation.

  4. Hypothesis.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The term hypothesis means a proposition or a set of propositions set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specific phenomenon. In this case, the phenomenon was smallest constituent entity of living organisms. In 1838, German Botanist Matthias Schleiden found that all plant tissues are made up of cells which have essentially similar structure. German zoologist Theodor Schwann, 1839, working independently observed that animal cells do not have cell wall but are otherwise similar among themselves. Thus, the original idea of both the workers was a hypothesis based on their observation which had to be experimentally verified by other workers.

Hence, D is the correct option. 

Nucleus develops from a pre-existing nucleus. The finding was made by 

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Farmer and Moore

  2. Winiwater

  3. Sutton

  4. Strasburger

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Correct Option: D

Which of the following are the most abundant elements in the living cells?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. C, H, S and P

  2. C, O, N and P

  3. C, H, O and N

  4. C, H, Mg and Ca

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. 
A carbohydrate is a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms.
Proteins are made up of amino acids which are organic compounds  (C, H, and O) containing amine (-NH2), along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose sugar (C, H, and O), which is in turn attached to a phosphate group. 

So, major macromolecules consist of C, H, O and N and hence, are the most abundant elements in living cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C). 

1 $\mu$m is

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. $10^{-6}$ m

  2. $10^{-9}$ m

  3. $10^{-10}$ m

  4. $10^{-3}$ m

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A micron is a unit of measurement in the metric system that is equal to one-thousandth of a millimeter.
  • Therefore, 1 micron is equal to the $10^{-6}$ meter.

The size of the cells of an organism has no relation with the size of its body.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A cell is the smallest form containing genetic material, cell organelles, cytoplasm and it can replicate to give rise to new cells. The cell size is the same in the elephant and in ant.