Tag: lipids

Turpentine oil is an oil which is a volatile oil which is mainly obtained from pines a gymnospermic plant. It is obtained by distillation of resin. Terpenes are the derivative of terpene oil. It is used for thinning oil based paints. It is a very good source of organic synthesis. It is highly viscous in nature. The solid material left behind after distillation is known as rosin.

Lipid bilayer of the cell membrane contains hydrophilic head groups facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing each other. The transport of phospholipids and lipid-linked oligosaccharides is difficult to achieve due to this bipolar nature. The transmembrane lipid transporter proteins called flippases transport lipids across cell membrane through transverse diffusion by flipping their orientation. Floppases transport in reverse direction. In mammals, this affects various processes such as blood coagulation, immune recognition, and programmed cell death.Most protein molecules do not flipflop due to their extensive polar regions, which are unfavorable in the hydrophobic core of the membrane.

The tails of the lipids are made up of fatty acids. These are non-polar hydrophobic so they tend to arrange away from the cytoplasmic face as well as the extracellular face. So, they avoid aqueous medium by arranging themselves towards the inner part of the cell membrane.

Phosphoinositides make up a small fraction of cellular phospholipids, They play a fundamental role in controlling membrane-cytosol interfaces, regulation of membrane traffic and the permeability and transport functions of membranes. They are found in brain tissue in animals and soybean seeds. Thus the correct answer is option B.

Essential fatty acids (EFA) are those fatty acids that body cannot produce on its own and therefore must be supplied from the diet. Deficiency of EFA causes many disease conditions like dry and scaly skin, follicular keratosis (hard and dry skin around hair follicles), bumps on back of upper arms, color variation of skin, dry eyes, mouth and throat, menstrual cramps, dry vagina, excessive thirst, eczema, asthma, hay fever, painful joint. In severe cases, it may result in kidney failure and sterility.