Tag: civics

After independence India tried to focus on development of industries, manufacturing and public sector. In order to attain economic growth this was necessary. It was also Jawaharlal Nehru's approach of development which focused more on the growth of urban industrial set up hence more focus was given to the urban areas. 

A new scheme named as “Suvarna Krishi Grama Yojana” or “Golden Agriculture Village Scheme” has been launched by the state Government of Karnataka with an aim to increase farmers income by 20% in one year. The scheme has been launched along with International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT).

The 73rd and 74th amendments have created uniformity in the structures of Panchayati Raj and Nagarpalika institutions across the country. The 73rd and 74th Amendments came into force in 1993.

Rural Local Governments (or Panchayat Raj Institutions)

• Zilla Panchayat
• Mandal Or Taluka Panchayats
• Gram Panchayats

The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme introduced in August 1998 has emerged as an innovative credit delivery mechanism to meet the production credit requirements of the farmers in a timely and hassle-free manner.

PURA in the shorter version of Providing Urban amenities in Rural Areas to tackle the problem of migration of people from rural to urban areas for employment. It is the former President APJ Abdul Kalam, Who has proposed the concept of PURA in the VISION 2020 project initiated by him. Its objective is to make rural areas as attractive as cities are. This concept was presented by Dr. Kalam in Indian National Science Congress’s 90th conference in Chandigarh in January 2004. It’s goal and objectives are to provide India new heights and achievements, developed status and economy.

Standard of living includes all inclusive progress- improvements in the education, healthcare, transport, housing facilities also better job opportunities. All the programs formed for rural development target to improve the life of the rural citizens mainly so that they do not stay behind their urban counterparts. 

The National Rural Employment Guarantee Program was initiated under the same act. The purpose of this is to provide 100 days guaranteed employment within a year to every rural household. Only condition is that adults from these households should volunteer for unskilled labour work. Initially introduced in 2005, this act was amended in 2007 and renamed as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act. 

The Zila Panchayat or District Council or Zilla Parishad or District Panchayat, is the third tier of the Panchayati Raj system. Zila Parishad is an elected body. Block Pramukh(president) of Panchayat Samiti (Block) are also represented in Zila Parishad. The members of the State Legislature and the members of the Parliament of India are members of the Zila Parishad.

Provision of Urban Amenities to Rural Areas (PURA) is a strategy for rural development in India. This concept was given by former president Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and discussed in his book Target 3 Billion which he co-authored with Srijan Pal Singh. The genesis of PURA concept can be traced to the work done by Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute in the early 1990s on Taluka energy self-sufficiency.