Tag: civics

a) Pressure groups are organisations that attempt to influence government policies. These organisations are formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective. 

b) Kittiko Hachiko Movement was a nonviolent protest in 1987 led by the people in Karnataka where they plucked the eucalyptus plants and planted saplings of plants that were useful to the people. The reason was that- The Karnataka government had set up a company named Karnataka Pulpwood. About  30,000 hectares of land was given to the company. Most of this land was used by the farmers for grazing their cattle on the field. But the company began to plant eucalyptus trees on this land which could be used for making paper pulp. This caused problems for the local farmers and they started this movement.

Black Power Movement emerged out of the civil rights movement in the United States (US). In the year 1966, this movement became mainstream. This movement emphasized racial pride, socio-economic empowerment and creating political, cultural institution for black people in the US. The Black Panther Party was an influential organization that was created from the Black Power Movement. 

Movement groups launch struggles for the resolution of a social problem with or without an organizational structure. When an organization starts a movement to achieve a specific goal or an issue, such an organisation is called movement groups.

Narmada Bachao Andolan is a social movement led by social activist Medha Patkar and Baba Amte. Medha Patkar fought against the indifference exhibited by local government officials towards the people affected by the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. The aim of this movement was to provide project information and legal representation to the affected residents of Narmada valley. Hence, option D is the correct answer.     

Social groups are the collection or group of people who interact with each other having common interests. A pressure group is a group of people who try to influence government policies or legislation in their interest. They are organized group who do not take part in the legislation making process but persuade the government to work for the fulfilment of their interest. These are also called Interest groups. E.g., Bharatiya Kisan Union.

Pressure groups are organized groups that seek to influence government policy or legislation. The aim of the pressure groups is to influence the people who actually have the power to make decisions. They do not want the power of political office for themselves, but do seek to influence the decisions made by those who hold this political power. Option B is the correct answer. 

1. An organisation that seeks to promote the interest of a particular section or group - Sectional interest group.
   2. An organisation that seeks to promote common interest - Public interest group.
   3. Struggles launched for the resolution of a social problem with or without an organisational structure - Movement.
   4. An organisation that mobilises people with a view to win political power - Political parties.

1. Pressure Group -  Fertilizers dealers association.
   2. Long-term movement -  Women movement.
   3. Single issue movement -  Narmada Bachao Andolan.
   4. Political party -  Assam Gana Parishad.

1. Congress Party - United Progressive Alliance
   2. Bharatiya Janata Party - National Democratic Alliance
   3. Communist Party of India (Marxist) - Left Front
   4. Telugu Desam Party - State/Regional Party

FEDECOR is an organization of human right activists, labour, and community people. It was an organization formed in Bolivia which wanted the government to end the privatization of water resources in the country. This organization consisted of engineers, economists, environmentalists, academicians etc. It was a kind of public interest group.