Tag: structural organization in living organisms

Questions Related to structural organization in living organisms

Identify the simple tissue from the following.
biology plant tissues tissues of plants levels of organisation in plants structural organization in living organisms

  1. Parenchyma

  2. Xylem

  3. Epidermis

  4. Phloem

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Simple permanent tissue: Made up of only one type of cells. Parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma.

Complex permanent tissues: Made up of many kinds of cells.Xylem and pholem.
Parenchyma: It is most simple and unspecialized tissue which is concerned mainly with the ordinary vegetative activities of the plant.
So, the correct answer is 'Parenchyma'.

Match the following and choose the correct option from below

A. Meristem (i) Photosynthesis, storage
B. Parenchyma (ii) Mechanical support
C. Collenchyma (iii) Actively dividing cells
D. Sclerenchyma (iv) Stomata
E. Epidermal tissue (v) Sclereids
biology plant tissues tissues of plants levels of organisation in plants structural organization in living organisms

  1. A-(i), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(ii), E-(iv)

  2. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(v), E-(iv)

  3. A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(v), D-(i), E-(iii)

  4. A-(v), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii), E-(i)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A. Meristem: It includes group or cluster of cells which remain in a continuous state of division or retain their power of division.

B. Parenchyma: It performs the function of storage of reserve food materials, storage of water in succulents, Buoyancy and gaseous exchange in water plants.
C. Collenchyma: It is the chief supporting tissue in young dicotyledonous stems. The tissue has the capacity to expand and gives tensile strength to the body.
D. Sclerenchyma: It consists of thick-walled dead cells. It is of two main types: Fibres and Sclereids. Sclereids are short and possess extremely thick lamellated lignified walls with long tubular simple pits.
E. Epidermal tissue:  The tissue originates from the outermost layer of the apical meristem. It has epidermis, cuticle and wax, Stomata, Trichomes. Singular of stomata is stoma. A typical stoma is microscopic and usually consists of two kidney-shaped guard cells surrounding a pore.
So, the correct answer is 'A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(v), E-(iv)'.


Which of the following is a parasitic plant?

biology plant tissues tissues of plants levels of organisation in plants structural organization in living organisms

  1. Cactus

  2. Saliva

  3. Cuscuta

  4. Cucumber

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cuscuta is a parasitic plant. It is lack chlorophyll hence it appears as yellow tubular structures and obtains its food from its host mirabel.

If the contents of a leaf tissue are a carefully fractioned, which of the  fraction could be called alive?

biology plant tissues tissues of plants levels of organisation in plants structural organization in living organisms

  1. Mitochondria

  2. ER

  3. Cell wall

  4. Ribosomes

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mitochondria contains DNA. Thus. it is called semiautonomous organelle and it can survive the fractionation process.

Pectic material are stained with

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Cotton blue

  2. Acetocarmine

  3. Iodine

  4. Methylene blue

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pectic substances are a group of polysaccharides in plant cell walls and some mucilages, which are endowed with multifunctional properties, such as the control of cell wall integrity and porosity. Methylene blue is used to indicate whether the cells are dead or alive.

 So, the correct answer is 'Methylene blue.'

The plant cells central vacuole

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Provides the plant cell with support

  2. Stores nutrients and cellular waste products

  3. Is a reservoir for water

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
In plant cells, there is a centrally located large vacuole. This vacuole serves as the reservoir of water and sometimes wastes. It also provides the plant cell with structural support and also reserves nutrients.

So, the correct answer is 'all of the above'.

Plant cells need a protective cell wall around their cells because

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. they are far more important than the animal cells

  2. they cannot move and protect themselves from the extreme weather conditions

  3. they are prokaryotic cells

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Eukaryotic cells, in addition to the nucleus, have many membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies etc. Such membrane-bound organelles are absent in the Prokaryotic cells

Casparian Strips are found on the

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Walls of pericycle cells

  2. Walls of endodermal cells

  3. Walls of epidermal cells

  4. Walls of bundle sheath cells

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex. It is made up of barrel-shaped cells which do not enclose intercellular spaces. The young endodermal cells possess a ligno suberised  thickenings called casparian strip s or casparina bands which runs along their radial and tangential walls.
So the correct option is 'Walls of endodermal cells'.

The barrier between protoplasm and other environment in a plant cell is 

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nuclear membrane

  3. Tonoplast

  4. Plasma membrane

Show answer
Correct Option: A,D
Explanation:

In the plant cell, plasma membrane and cell wall both are present, both act as a barrier between protoplasm and the outer environment.

Nuclear membrane act as a barrier between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.
Tonoplast is the membrane of the vacuole and acts as the barrier between the vacuole sap and the protoplasm of the cell. In animal cell plasma membrane act as the barrier between protoplasm and the environment. Because animal cell lack the cell wall.
So, the correct answer is ' Cell wall & plasma membrane '

A plant cell has

biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

  1. Cell wall

  2. A number of small vacuoles

  3. A few large vacuoles

  4. A single central vacuole

  5. Both A and D

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

  • A plant cell has a cell wall and single central vacuole.
  • Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. 
  • Their distinctive features include:
  • A large central vacuole
  • A cell wall composed of cellulose and hemicellulose
  • Specialized cell-to-cell communication pathways known as plasmodesmata
Plastids