Tag: organization of commerce and management

Questions Related to organization of commerce and management

Forest Policy was revised in _____________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. 1952 and again in 1988

  2. 1962 and again in 1989

  3. 1942 and again in 1962

  4. 1952 and again in 1961

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The British introduced scientific management of forests through a centralised approach to forest management and development. The first formal government approach to forestry can be traced to the enactment of the National Forest Policy of $1894$ which stressed on conserving forests for maintaining environmental stability and meeting basic needs of fringe forest user groups. The policy was revised in $1952$ and the new policy emphasised on extension of forests beyond the traditional forest areas. This gave impetus to social forestry and $agro/farm$ forestry.

This policy was the harbinger of the green movement in the country. It also proposed that $60$% of the land in the hills and $20$% in the plains and in all $33$% of the total geographical area should be under forest/tree cover. The serious depletion of forest resources due to biotic and industrial pressure and other reasons made the policy makers review the situation in the late eighties and evolve a new strategy for conservation of forests. The National Forest Policy was once again revised in $1988,$ which envisaged community involvement in the protection and regeneration of forests. It accorded highest priority to sustainable management of the forest resource.

Which of the following are the heavily polluting industries?
I. Cement    II. Thermal Power Plants
III. Sugar       IV. Oil Refineries

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. I and II are correct

  2. II and Ill are correct

  3. I, II and III are correct

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Industrial production has grown in India by more than $50-$fold over the past century. Cement, Thermal power plants, sugars and oil refiners are all considered as heavily polluting industries. These  contribute to the environment in terms of suspended particulate matter, gases and effluents. About $77$ per cent of the industries contribute to water pollution while $15$ per cent to air pollution and the remaining eight per cent to both air and water pollution. 

The national apex body for assessment, monitoring and control of water and air pollution is __________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. The Central Pollution Control Board

  2. The Ministry of Environment and Forests

  3. The Ministry of Finance

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Central Pollution Control Board $(CPCB)$ of India is a statutory organisation under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests of the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, $1986$. Principle functions of $CPCB$ are $(i)$ to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and $(ii)$ to improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country


The Wildlife (Protection) Act was adopted in ________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. 1971

  2. 1972

  3. 1973

  4. 1974

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Wildlife Protection Act, $1972$ is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted for the protection of plants and animal species. Wildlife Protection Act $1972$ was passed on $August 21, 1972,$ but was later implemented on $September 9, 1972.$

This act prohibits the capturing, killing, poisoning or trapping of the wild animal. It extends to the whole of India except the State of $Jammu\quad and\quad Kashmir.$ The objectives are as follows:
  • Prohibition of hunting
  • Protection and management of wildlife habitats
  • Establishment of protected areas
  • Regulation and control of trade in parts and products derived from wildlife
  • Management of zoos

Which of the following does not consist of environmental degradation?

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. Land degradation and soil erosion

  2. Problem of overgrazing and ecological degradation

  3. Floods

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution.It is defined as any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. Ecological effect or degradation is created by the consolidation of an effectively substantial and expanding human populace, constantly expanding monetary development or per capita fortune and the application of asset exhausting and polluting technology. It occurs when earth’s natural resources are depleted and environment is compromised in the form of extinction of species, pollution in air, water and soil, and rapid growth in population.

A National Environmental Awareness Campaign (NEAC) is organised ______.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. annually

  2. twice a year

  3. once in three years

  4. once in five years

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
National Environment Awareness Campaign is an important campaign of the Ministry of Environment
and Forests $(MoEF),$ Government of India. This campaign was initially organised in $1986,$ with the objective
of creating environmental awareness at the national level and, since then, it has become an annual activity.In this campaign, nominal financial assistance is provided to $NGOs,$ schools, colleges, universities, research institutes, women and youth organisations, army units, government departments etc. from all over the country for conducting awareness raising and action oriented activities. 

Fairness in employment practices centers on ________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. hiring no family members of friends

  2. giving people equal rewards for accomplishing the same tasks

  3. obeying equal employment opportunity legislation

  4. avoiding conflicts of interests

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A company is said to have adopted fairness in employment practice when it follows a policy of recruiting on the basis of qualification and other merits and not on the basis of bribe, recommendation etc.

This would avoid conflicts among workforce and top level management.

Top managers demonstrate commitment to ethical business practices with ________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. the adoption of written codes of ethics

  2. employee empowerment

  3. decentralized decision making practices

  4. collusion with other companies

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Managers at all levels and in all functional areas face ethical issues. In fact, there is seldom a decision wherein an ethical dimension is not involved. Matters of right and wrong, just and unjust, and fair and unfair arise frequently. In order to deal with these issues, managers need some guidelines.
  • Organisations, formulate both business and non-business guidelines in the form of a code of conduct or code of ethics. The need for a corporate code of conduct has increased due to frequent corporate scandals, inside trading and misuse of funds. With globalization of business, more and more companies are developing a code of ethics to be observed. Moreover, every profession has a code of conduct for its members.
  • A code of ethics should reflect top management's desire for compliance with the values, rules, and policies that support an ethical climate. The development of a code of ethics should involve the President, Board of Directors, and Chief Executive Officers who should be implementing the code.
  • Legal staff should also ensure that the code has assessed key areas of risk correctly, and that it provides buffers for potential legal problems. 

An experiment about negotiations conducted with graduate business students revealed that they would _________________.

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. misrepresent the truth to gain advantage

  2. not lie even if it meant losing advantage

  3. curse and intimidate the opponents to win

  4. curse and intimidate the arbitrator to win

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An experiment about negotiations conducted with graduate business students revealed that they would misrepresent the truth to gain an advantage.

misrepresenting any truth and misinforming is unethical and should be avoided.

What are the corporate codes of ethics?

concept of social responsibility organization of commerce and management industrial pollution and degradation of environment environmental values and ethics industrial pollution accelerated with the start of industrial revolution social responsibility towards the environment

  1. Are always externally audited

  2. Create guidelines for employees to work

  3. Are always compliance based

  4. Are always integrity based.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A code of ethics is a guide of principles designed to help professionals to conduct business honestly and with integrity. A code of ethics document may outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organization's core values and the standards to which the professional is held. A code of ethics, also referred to as an "ethical code", may encompass areas such as business ethics, a code of professional practice and an employee code of conduct.