Tag: nutrition and diet

Questions Related to nutrition and diet

When breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories ; the infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from

biology nutrition minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Marasmus

  2. Rickets

  3. KwashiorKor

  4. Pellagra

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following statement is incorrect related to digestion?

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

  2. It is a anabolic process.

  3. Digestion is both voluntary and involuntary process.

  4. None of these.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

B) It is a catabolic process as it breaks down the molecule into a simple form.
C) It is voluntary until swallowing as food is swallowed the whole process becomes involuntary.

So the correct option is '(B) It is an anabolic process.
                                         

The final products of digestion should be

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  2. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  3. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.

  4. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  •  Digestion is catabolic process in the digestive tract where ingested food is converted into simpler, soluble and diffusible substances that can be assimilated by the body and absorbed into the blood from the intestinal walls.
  • The end product should be water soluble as it has to combine with the plasma of blood.
  • Absorption at intestinal walls is through cell membranes of intestinal cells and walls of blood capillaries.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes'.

Which one is wrong combination?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. $N _2$-Amino acid

  2. Fe-cytochrome

  3. Na-Protein

  4. Mg-Chlorophyll

  5. P-DNA

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Na- Protein is wrong combination as Nitrogen (N) is needed for the protein formation. Nitrogen is the main constituent of the amino acid that helps in the formation of protein

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following element is not essential for plants?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Iron

  2. Zinc

  3. Potassium

  4. Iodine

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plants may absorb a number of minerals that are not essential for their growth. Iodine is a non essential mineral element. Iron, zinc and potassium are essential mineral elements.

Nutrition involving engulfment` 'of the whole or part of a plant or an animal in solid or in liquid state is known

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Holozoic

  2. Saprozoic

  3. Parasitic

  4. Symbiotic

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Correct Option: A

Which of the group of elements is not essential for a normal plant?

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. K, Ca, Mg

  2. Fe, Zn, Mn, B

  3. Pb, I, Na

  4. Mg, Fe, Mo

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The plant ash reveals the presence of 40 elements but all are not essential for plant nutrition, only a few are essential for growth and development of plants. These are called as the essential elements. The essential elements may be grouped as major elements or macronutrients and trace elements or micronutrients, based on their requirement by plants. 

Major elements or macronutrients are required in large amounts and form the plant constituents. These include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. These elements form an integral part of complex organic molecules. Some of these elements help in the functioning of enzyme systems. The sources of macronutrients are generally the soil or the atmosphere. 
Trace elements or micronutrients are elements, like iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. They are required for plants only in very small amounts but these are indispensable for the normal growth and development of plants. 
Lead, Iodine and sodium are generally not required by plants and are non essential elements for plant mineral nutrition.

Engulfing of food in solid or fluid state is

bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Saprozoic nutrition

  2. Parasitic nutrition

  3. Saprophytic nutrition

  4. Holozoic nutrition

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Holozoic nutrition is a type of heterotrophic nutrition that is characterized by the ingestion and internal processing of gaseous, liquid or solid food particles Protozoa, such as amoebas, and most of the animals, exhibit this type of nutrition. There are several stages of holozoic nutrition, which often occur in separate compartments within an organism :
  • Ingestion 
  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Assimilation and
  • Egestion.
Hence, the engulfing of food in a solid or liquid state is holozoic nutrition.
So, the correct answer is 'holozoic nutrition'.

Which scientist first extracted rennin from a calf stomach helping to make cheese more easily?

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Karl August Folkers

  2. Christian Hansen

  3. Richard Kuhn

  4. George Wald

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Rennet is a complex set of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Chymosin, its key component, is a protease enzyme that curdles the casein in milk. This .Helps young mammals digest their mothers' milk. Rennet can also be used to separate milk into solid curds for cheese making. Calf rennet is extracted from the inner mucosa of the fourth stomach chamber . First extracted by 'Christian Hansen'. So, the correct option is "B" (Christian Hansen).

In amoeba, the digestion is intracellular because

biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

  1. Amoeba is unicellular

  2. Amoeba is multicellular

  3. Amoeba is found in a pond

  4. Amoeba is a microscopic animal

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Amoeba, a protozoan employs intracellular digestion for deriving nutrition. Food is ingested with the pseudopodium by invagination of cell membrane and subsequently stored into the food/gastric vacuole. This due to cytoplasmic movements combine with the lysosome where the food is broken down to simpler products and assimilated. Finally, the waste is removed by exocytosis by the contractile vacuole.