Tag: adaptations to different ecosystems

Questions Related to adaptations to different ecosystems

Fungal partner of a lichen is commonly 

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Ascomycetes

  2. Basidiomycetes

  3. Phycomycetes

  4. Deuteromycetes

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Lichens are stable, self-supporting associations between fungi and photobionts. 
  • The fungi are most commonly ascomycota. A few holobasidiomycetes are known to form the association. 
  • The photobionts are either algae or cyanobacteria. The algae may be single celled or rarely filamentous. Option A is correct

A crustose lichen is ____________

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Graphis

  2. Parmelia

  3. Cladonia

  4. Usnea

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Graphis scripta is a crustose lichen in Graphidaceae family.

It is commonly called script lichen.

Lichens have an actual relationship of 

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Parasitism

  2. Mutualism

  3. Helotism

  4. Epiphytism

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In lichens, a relationship occurs in which the fungus lives as a dominant organism and algae like a slave, the relationship is known as helotism. It is a form of symbiosis in which one species is forced to perform tasks for another, for their mutual benefit. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Lichens show symbiotic relationships between

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Fungus and roots of higher plants

  2. Fungus and alga

  3. Two algae

  4. Two fungi

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria (or both) living among filaments of a fungus in a symbiotic relationship. The combined life form has properties that are very different from the properties of its component organisms. The fungus benefits from the symbiotic relation because algae or cyanobacteria produce food by photosynthesis. The algae or cyanobacteria benefit by being protected from the environment by the filaments of the fungus, which also gather moisture and nutrients from the environment, and (usually) provide an anchor to it. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following statement is wrong about lichens?

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Some species are eaten by Reindeers.

  2. Lichens are indicators of pollution.

  3. They grow rapidly about 2 cm per day.

  4. They have symbiotic relationship between alga and fungus.

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Correct Option: C

Lichens multiply by 

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Conidia

  2. Oidia

  3. Ascopores

  4. Soredia

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lichens reproduce vegetatively by soredia formation. It is the most common form of reproduction where small protuberances are formed on the thallus. They may have a definite pustule or appear as greyish dust. Many lichens reproduce asexually, either by vegetative reproduction or through dispersal of diaspores, which contain a few algal cells surrounded by fungal cells. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

In majority of lichens, there is association of ___________.

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Green algae and ascomycetes

  2. Green algae and basidiomycetes

  3. Blue-green algae and ascomycetes

  4. Blue-green algae and basidiomycetes

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Correct Option: C

In lichens, sexual reproduction is usually performed by

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Algal partner only

  2. Fungal partner only

  3. Both algal and fungal partner only

  4. Either of the two partners

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lichens exhibit the symbiotic association between algae and fungi. In this plant, algae is the photosynthetic partner involved in food preparation and the fungal partner increases the surface area for the absorption of water and minerals. Also, the fungal partner is involved in sexual reproduction with the help of reproductive structures called apothecia. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Lichen with a branched system but small base is :

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Fruticose

  2. Foliose

  3. Crustose

  4. Symbiont

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lichens with a branched system but small base are Fruticose.


Lichens are a complex life form of a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus, and algae. The dominant among then is a fungus. The algae can be either green algae or cyanobacteria or both fungus. 

These are $3$ main types of lichens. Foliose, Fructose, and Crustose. Foliose lichens have $2$ easily distinguishable sides, top, and bottom. Fruticose lichens have round branches that have a central core and others are hollow in the middle. 

Reindeer Moss is :

botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

  1. Lichen

  2. Fungus

  3. Bryophyte

  4. Cnidarian

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Reindeer moss is lichen that is a fruticose lichen found in great abundance in Arctic lands. It is an erect, many branched plant that grows up to 8 cm hight covers immense areas and serves as pasture for reindeer, moose, caribou, and musk oxen.