Tag: natural resources- air, water and land

Questions Related to natural resources- air, water and land

Green house effect of global warming causes:

chemistry natural resources- air, water and land environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

  1. rise in temperature of earth

  2. rise in pressure on earth

  3. decrease in oxygen content earths atmosphere

  4. decrease in $CO _{2}$ content

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A greenhouse gas is any gaseous compound in the atmosphere that is capable of absorbing infrared radiation, thereby trapping and holding heat in the atmosphere.

The progressive heating up of surface of the earth is earth is called green house effect or global warming.

CO$ _2$ and H$ _2$O block a part of the heat (IR) emitted by the earth & reflect back. Due to this earth surface gets heated up.
50% in CO$ _2$ content of air can increase the surface temperature of the earth by 3$^o$ C.
In addition to CO$ _2$ , the other green - house gases are CFCs (17%), O$ _3$ (18%), NO (4%), water vapour (2%).

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Green house effect can be reduced by:

chemistry natural resources- air, water and land environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

  1. growing trees and forests

  2. use of faulty refrigerators

  3. burning of fossil fuels

  4. the use of natural gas

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

By growing trees and foresets, we can reduce level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere so we can reduce green house effect.

If $CCl _{3}$F is present in the stratosphere, it will react with which of the following:
A) Ozone    B) $N _{2}$     C)$CO _{2}$

chemistry natural resources- air, water and land environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

  1. A

  2. B

  3. A & B

  4. C & A

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chlorofluorocarbon causes depletion of ozone, so, $CCl _{3}F$ will react with ozone in the stratosphere.

The temperature in troposphere with altitude:

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. increases

  2. decreases

  3. increases and then decreases

  4. decreases and then increases

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The temperature of the troposphere generally decreases as altitude increases. The rate at which the temperature decreases is called the environmental lapse rate (ELR). 

Which gas can cause acid rain in nearby places and air pollution in downwind areas from the volcanic site?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. $SO _2$

  2. $H _2S$

  3. $CO _2$

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sulphur dioxide gas can cause acid rain in nearby places and air pollution in downwind areas from the volcanic site.

The region in atmosphere containing water vapour is:

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. thermosphere

  2. stratosphere

  3. troposphere

  4. mesosphere

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The troposphere is the lowest region of the atmosphere, i;e., closest to earth's surface. It extends roughly to a height of about 11 km. This is the region of all living organisms including, animals and plants. 


About 70% of the total mass of the atmosphere and practically all the water vapours and dust particles are concentrated in this region

Hence, the correct option is $\text{C}$

The acid rain is caused when air polluted by large volume of :

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. sulphur dioxide

  2. nitrogen dioxide

  3. carbon dioxide

  4. both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Acid rain is more properly called acidic deposition, which occurs in both wet and dry forms. Wet deposition usually exists in the form of rain, snow, or sleet but also may occur as fog, dew, or cloud water condensed on plants or the earth's surface. Dry deposition includes solid particles (aerosols) that fall to the earth's surface. Condensation of fog, dew, or cloud water is referred to as occult deposition.
The most common acidic substances are compounds containing hydrogen, sulphates, and nitrates. The chief source of these compounds is the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and petroleum by-products, primarily gasoline.
Hence, acid rain is caused when air polluted by a large volume of sulphur dioxide.

In which layer, most of the atmospheric air is present?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Troposphere

  2. Stratosphere

  3. Mesosphere

  4. Thermosphere

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fifty percent of the total mass of the atmosphere is located in the lower $5-6$ $km$ of the troposphere. Nearly all atmospheric water vapour or moisture is found in the troposphere. So, it is the layer where most of the earth's weather takes place.

Which of these gases is an atmospheric pollutant?
1 carbon monoxide
2 nitrogen dioxide
3 sulfur dioxide.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. $1$ only

  2. $2$ only

  3. $3$ only

  4. $1, 2$ and $3$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Solution:- (D) $1, \; 2$ and $3$

These all gases are atmospheric pollutants as all lead to air pollution.
coz  of
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide are important ambient air pollutants. High-intensity, confined space exposure to NO2 has caused catastrophic injury to humans, including death. Ambient NO2 exposure may increase the risk of respiratory tract infections through the pollutant's interaction with the immune system. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) contributes to respiratory symptoms in both healthy patients and those with underlying pulmonary disease. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated that experimental SO2 exposure causes changes in airway physiology, including increased airways resistance. Both acute and chronic exposure to carbon monoxide are associated with increased risk for adverse cardiopulmonary events, including death. However, studies have not demonstrated a clear dose-dependent health risk response to increasing amounts of these pollutants except at high concentrations. In addition, a number of studies examining the effects of ambient level exposure to NO2, SO2, and CO have failed to find associations with adverse health outcomes.

The pollutant in air responsible for acid rain is carbon monoxide.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve very easily in water and can be carried very far by the wind. As a result, the two compounds can travel long distances where they become part of the rain, sleet, snow, and fog that we experience on certain days.
Hence, The pollutant in air responsible for acid rain is sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.