Tag: plants: structure and function

Questions Related to plants: structure and function

Fruit of ground nut is _______.

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Legume

  2. Caryopsis

  3. Berry

  4. Nut

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Answer : 
i) Groundnut is an annual herbaceous plant growing 30 to 50 cm tall. 
ii) As a legume, it belongs to the botanical family Fabaceae also known as Leguminosae, and commonly known as the bean or pea family.
iii) Like most other legumes, groundnuts harbor symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules.
So correct answer is option A.Legume.

Find the set of composite fruits among those listed.
(i) Raspberry
(ii) Mulberry
(iii) Jackfruit
(iv) Blackberry
(v) Pineapple
(vi) Fig.

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  2. (i), (ii), (iii), (v), (vi)

  3. (ii), (iii), (v), (vi)

  4. (iii), (v), (vi)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
True Fruits formed from entire inflorescence are called composite fruits.
i) Raspberry and (iv) Blackberry are aggregate fruits.
So, the correct option is '(ii), (iii), (v), (vi)'.

The fruit of Sorghum is known as?

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Cypsela

  2. Caryopsis

  3. Achene

  4. Legume

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Fruit of Sorghum is known as caryopsis. It is single seeded,pericarp is fused with seed coat completely and formed a joint structure termed as a grain. 

Climacteric fruit is the one which shows

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Autochory

  2. High respiratory activity at ripening

  3. Sudden change in colour and taste at ripening

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Climacteric fruits are those fruits which are associated with increased ethylene production and high cellular respiration during ripening such as apple, banana, mango, melon, and apricot. Such fruits ripen after harvesting and it is not essential for them to remain on the tree for ripening. Increase in ethylene production triggers up their ripening process. Certain fruits such as citrus, grapes, and strawberries are non-climacteric as they ripen without ethylene and respiratory bursts. 

Autochory is the process of dispersal of seeds and fruits because of some kind of natural physical explosion. It is a kind of self-dispersal of seeds.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Fruit of sunflower is

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Drupe

  2. Cypsela

  3. Berry

  4. Carcerulus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fruit of sunflower is cypsela. The fruit of the family Asteraceae is derived from a compound inferior ovary (with one locule). A special term for the Asteraceae fruit is cypsela (plural cypselae or cypselas). For example, the white-gray husks of a sunflower seed are the walls of the cypsela fruit. Many cypselas have calyx tissue attached that functions in biological dispersal of the seed.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Fruits of Shorea robusta (Dipterocarpaceae) and some other members of Dipterocarpaceae are also winged but the wings are not formed from the pericarp, rather wings are the persistent sepals of the calyx whorl, such a fruit is called as

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Lomentum

  2. Samaroid

  3. Capsule

  4. Samara

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fruits of Shorea robusta (Dipterocarpaceae) and some other members of Dipterocarpaceae are also winged but the wings are not formed from the pericarp, rather wings are the persistent sepals of the calyx whorl, such a fruit is called as samaroids. 
The family bear erect creamy coloured inflorescenses and colourful samaroid fruit typical of their genus and have pairs of thorns below the rachis.
They are pollinated by different species of honey bee. In late summer, they bear colourful samaroid fruit, containing one seed each. The young shoots are useful as cattle.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The fruit of mustard family is

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Silique

  2. Caryopsis

  3. Regma

  4. Legume

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A silicle, is a short and broad silique, as in shepherds purse (Capsella). Both types are characteristic of plants in the mustard family. Silique or siliqua is a fruit of 2 fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. When the length is less than three times the width of the dried fruit it is referred to as a silicle. The outer walls of the ovary usually separate when ripe, leaving a persistent partition called as replum.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

What is the edible part of orange? 

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Unicelled placental hairs

  2. Unicelled endocarpic hairs

  3. Multicelled endocarpic hairs

  4. Multicelled placental hairs

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A hesperidium is a modified berry with a tough, leathery rind. The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. The fleshy interior is composed of separate sections, called as carpels, filled with fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized hair cells. The outer ovary wall becomes the thick spongy layer of the rind, while the inner ovary wall becomes very juicy with several seeds. Thus, orange is a hesperidium, in this fruit the endocarp projects inwards forming distinct chambers and epicarp and mesocarp fuse to form the separable part. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

A fruit has fleshly mesocarp and stony endocarp is

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Pome

  2. Berry

  3. Pepo

  4. Drupe

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Drupe has a fleshy mesocarp and a stony endocarp. Due to this hard endocarp it is also called a stony fruit. 

Which is correct match for edible part

biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

  1. Tomato- Thalamus

  2. Maize-Cotyledons

  3. Guava-Mesocarp

  4. Date-Mesocarp

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The edible part in date is mesocarp. This mesocarp is surrounded by the skin which is epicarp. The mesocarp is the fruit pulp consisting of enlarged parenchymatous cells.