Tag: organic compounds containing nitrogen

Questions Related to organic compounds containing nitrogen

Which of the following is an example of azo dye?

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. Orange-1

  2. Malachite green

  3. Indigo

  4. Martius yellow

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Azo dye are a large class of synthetic organic dyes, that contain nitrogen as the azo group or $−N=N−$ as a part of their molecular structures. Orange-1 is an example of azo dye.

Primary, secondary, tertiary amines can be separated by the following except: 

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. Fractional distillation

  2. Fractional method using diethyl oxalate

  3. Hinsberg's method using $\displaystyle { C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }{ SO } _{ 2 }Cl$

  4. Selective crystallisation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Separation of $1^o,\, 2^o$ and $3^o$ amines:

$1^o,\, 2^o$ and $3^o$ amines + $R _4NX \xrightarrow{distillation}$ Mixture of $1^o,\, 2^o,\, 3^o$ amine
Mixture  of $1^o,\, 2^o,\, 3^o$ amine can be separated by following methods.
(i) Fractional distillation: The mixture of amines may be fractional distillation because their boiling points are quite different. It is used in industry.

(ii) Hinsberg method: In this method mixture of amines is seperated by using benzene sulphonyl chloride (Hinsberg's reagent).
$C _6H _5SO _2Cl+1^o\,amine \to Product \xrightarrow{KOH} dissolve$
$C _6H _5SO _2Cl+2^o\,amine \to Product \xrightarrow{KOH} insoluble$
$3^o$ amine does not react with benzene sulphonyl chloride.

(iii) Hofman method: In this method mixture of amines is separated by using ethyl oxalate.
$1^o$ amine + ethyl oxalate $\to$ solid product
$2^o$ amine + ethyl oxalate $\to$ liquid product
$3^o$ amine + ethyl oxalate $\to$ No reaction

In order to distinguish between $\displaystyle C _{2}H _{5}NH _{2}$ and $\displaystyle C _{6}H _{5}NH _{2}$, which of the following reagents is useful? 

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. Hinsberg reagent

  2. $\beta$-Naphthol

  3. Benzene diazonium chloride

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Pyridine will give azo dye test.

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pyridine is an aromatic amine and aromatic amine gives azo dye test which implies pyridine would also give azo-dye test.

p-chloroaniline and anilinium hydrochloride can be distinguished by :

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. $Sandmeyer $ $reaction$

  2. $\displaystyle NaHCO _{3}$

  3. $\displaystyle AgNO _{3}$

  4. $carbylamines$ $ test$

Show answer
Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:

p-chloroaniline and anilinium hydrochloride can be distinguished by by using $AgNO _3$ and $NaHCO _3$, With $AgNO _3 $ anilinium hydrochloride gives white precipitate of $AgCl$. 


$NaHCO _3$ is a weak acid  which solublize anilinium hydrochloride and $CO _2$ gas liberates but  p-chloroaniline do not react with them.

Mixture of $1^0, 2^0 $ and $3^0$ amines can be separated by :

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. Hinsberg's method

  2. Hofmann's isocyanide test

  3. Fractional distillation

  4. $NaNO _2/ HCl$

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
All the given methods can be used for the separation of amines.

(A) Hinsberg reaction is a chemical test for the detection of amines. A primary amine will form a soluble sulfonamide salt which precipitates after addition of diluted hydrochloric acid. A secondary amine in the same reaction will directly form an insoluble sulfonamide. A tertiary amine will not react with the sulfonamide but is insoluble. After adding dilute acid this insoluble amine is converted to a soluble ammonium salt. 

(B) In Hofmann's isocyanide test the mixture of three amines is treated with diethyl oxalate. The primary amine forms a solid oxamide, a secondary amine gives a liquid oxamic ester while tertiary amine does not react.

(C) In fractional distillation primary amine is recovered when solid oxamide is heated with caustic potash solution and collected as distillate on distilling the reaction mixture. The liquid is subjected to fractional distillation when tertiary amine distils over. The remaining liquid is distilled with KOH to recover secondary amine.

(D) Nitrosation of Amines can also be used for separation as primary amine with $NaNO _2 + HCl$ forms $RN _2$, secondary amine forms $R _2N _2O$ and tertiary amine forms $R _3NO$ which decomposes into $NR _3$.

Propylamine and aniline can be distinguished by azo dye test.

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

As only aryl systems undergo azo dye test. Therefore, propylamine gives negative azo dye test.

Aniline gives positive azo dye test.

When chloroform reacts with ethylamine in presence of alc. $KOH$, the compound formed is:

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. ethyl cyanide

  2. ethyl isocyanide

  3. formic acid

  4. phosgene

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Reaction:
$C{ H } _{ 3 }N{ H } _{ 2 }+CHCl _3+KOH\rightarrow C{ H } _{ 3 }NC$

Aniline and benzylamine  cannot be distinguished by azo dye test

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aniline and benzylamine both are aryl systems as only highly activated benzene system gives positive azo dye test below room temperature. Therefore, aniline and benzylamine cannot be distinguished by azo dye test as both give positive azo dye test.

A compound $(X)$ with molecular formula $C _3H _9N$ react with $C _6H _5SO _2Cl$ to give a solid which is insoluble in alkali. $(X)$ is:

distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

  1. $CH _3CH _2CH _2NH _2$

  2. $CH _3 - {\underset{CH _3}{\underset{|}{\overset{CH _3}{\overset{|}{N:}}}}}$

  3. $CH _3 - NH - CH _2CH _3$

  4. $CH _3 - {\underset{CH _3}{\underset{|}{CH}}} - NH _2$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Since the compound reacts with benzenesulphonyl chloride to give a product which is insoluble in alkali, it shows there is no $H$ attached to $N$ in the product . Hence, the compound $X$ is a secondary amine.
$CH _3 - NH - C-2H _5 + C _6H _5SO _2Cl \rightarrow \underset{N - Ethyl - N - methylbenzene sulphonamide}{CH _3 - {\underset{C _2H _5}{\underset{|}{N}}} - SO _2C _6H _5}$