Tag: food and it's constituents

• Low-calorie sweeteners used by the people of West Africa are brazzein, thaumatin, monellin, pentadin, miraculi etc. 
• Brazzein is a stable proteinaceous substance made up of 54 amino acids. It is extracted from the fruit of Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baillon. 
• It is found 2000 times sweeter than sucrose.
  Therefore, the correct option is A.

Pectin is mostly present in the cell wall of the plant and the concentration in the skin of fruits. It consists of esterified D-galacturonic acid resides in an alpha-(1-4) chain. It is a secretory product which leaves the cytoplasm and deposits on the cell wall of the plant. It combines with cellulose and lignin to provide structural support to the plant.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a mucopolysaccharide. It is made up of glucuronic acid and acetylglucosamine. It found in the extracellular fluid of animal tissues, the vitreous humor of the eye, cerebrospinal fluid etc. The biological functions of HA include maintenance of the elastoviscosity of liquid connective tissues such as joint synovial and eye vitreous fluid. Its function in the body is, amongst other things, to bind water and to lubricate movable parts of the body, such as joints and muscles. It also occurs in cementing material between animal cells as well as inside cell coat. Thus, the correct option is B.

Glycogen is an animal starch. It is a polysaccharide food reserve in animal, bacteria, and fungi. It is stored mainly in liver and muscles. The granules of glycogen are ellipsoid flattened structures that lie freely inside the cell. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The bond between two phosphate groups is a phosphoanhydride bond which is considered as high energy bond. ATP has two high energy phosphoanhydride bond. ADP has one phosphoanhydride bond. Creatine phosphate also has high phospahte bond between the nitrogen and phosphate. The phosphate bond in glucose phosphate is the weakest so it will yield less than 4kcal/mol of energy when phosphate bond is hydrolysed.

The gallbladder is a small storage organ located inferior and posterior to the liver. Though small in size, the gallbladder plays an important role in our digestion of food. The gallbladder holds bile produced in the liver until it is needed for digesting fatty foods in the duodenum of the small intestine.

Glucose is the simplest 6 carbon molecule that is the most common monomer of carbohydrates. It is the most abundant monosaccharide with the molecular formula C$ _6$H$ _1$$ _2$O$ _6$. It is mostly made by plants and green algae during photosynthesis.