Tag: living world and classification of microbes

• Arbovirus refers to any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. Arboviruses can affect both animals, including humans, and plants. 

• Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by protozoa i.e., Plasmodium species. Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms. Amoebiasis is a protozoal infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

• Hence, Arbovirus caused dengue fever.

• So, the correct answer is 'Dengue'.

• Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus.Dengue is spread by several species of a mosquito of the  Aedes Type, principally A.aegypti.
  
• .Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection.[2] This may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash
• Arbovirus is an informal name used to refer to any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. As dengue is transmitted by an arthropod vector(mosquito) its causative organism is called arbovirus.
• So, the correct answer is 'Arbovirus'.

• Influenza, commonly called 'the flu' is an illness caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae. For example, Myxovirus influenzae.
  
• The most common symptoms include high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, sneezing, and feeling tired.
• Hence Myxovirus influenzae is the causative organism of influenza.
• So, the correct answer is 'Myxovirus influenzae'.

• Influenza is a viral disease. Influenza virus is of three types, viz; type A, type B and type C. This virus spread even is short distances causing flu-like conditions, fever, runny nose, headache, muscle pain, coughing, etc. 
  
• Typhoid is a disease caused by the bacteria named Salmonella typhi. 
• Dysentery is a gastroenteritis disorder causing diarrhoea. This disorder can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoans or parasites. 
• Cholera is caused by the bacteria named Vibrio cholerae. 
So, the correct answer is option B.

Causative agent of cholera is Vibrio cholerae. Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium. 
Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Anthrax is caused by bacteria Bacillus anthracis. 
Influenza is caused by influenza virus. 

Pandemic is an epidemic of infectious disease that spreads through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a six-stage classification that describes the process by which a novel influenza virus moves from the first few infections in humans through to a pandemic. This starts with the virus mostly infecting animals, with a few cases where animals infect people, then moves through the stage where the virus begins to spread directly between people and ends with a pandemic when infections from the new virus have spread worldwide and it will be out of control until we stop it. A disease or condition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills many people; it must also be infectious. 

Use of aspirin during dengue fever is not recommended owing to increased bleeding tendency. Aspirin has an antiplatelet effect by inhibiting the production of thromboxane, which under normal circumstances binds platelet molecules together to create a patch over damage of the walls within blood vessels. Hence drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen should be avoided as they may increase the risk of haemorrhage. 

Bacillus haemophilus or Bacillus influenzae is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that causes influenza disease. It was first described by Richard Pfeiffer during an influenza pandemic. It is usually present in the upper respiratory tract and causes otitis media, epiglottitis, and meningitis.