Tag: nomenclature of carboxylic acids

Questions Related to nomenclature of carboxylic acids

IUPAC name of $HOOCCH _2C(OH)(COOH)CH _2COOH$ is

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. citric acid

  2. 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetri-carboxylicacid

  3. 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanoic acid

  4. hexanetrioic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct IUPAC name of given compound is 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetri-carboxylicacid. Citric acid is its common name.

Acetic acid is present in vinegar. Curd contains ______ .

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. lactic acid

  2. tartaric acid

  3. picric acid

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lactic acid is present in curd. The increased acidity causes the milk proteins to tangle into curds. 

$C _nH _{2n-1}COOH$ is the general formula for:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. saturated fatty acids

  2. unsaturated fatty acids

  3. simple lipids

  4. phospholipids

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$C _nH _{2n-1}COOH$ is a general formula for unsaturated fatty acids.

For example: $CH _2=CH-COOH$
Propenoic acid $C _2H _3COOH$
$C _nH _{2n+1}COOH$ is general formula for saturated fatty acids.
For example: $CH _3COOH$ is Ethanoic acid.

The correct structural formula of butanoic acid is

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. $H-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{\underset{H}{\underset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}=\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$

  2. $H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}}}-OH$

  3. $H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-OH$

  4. $H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Butanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. where $-COOH$ is the functional group.

$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\overset{O}{\overset{||}{C}}-OH$

So, the correct representation of butanoic acid is $D$

The functional group present in carboxylic acids is ?

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. -COOH

  2. -CO-

  3. -OH

  4. -CHO

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Carboxylic acids are represented by -COOH- functional group. It ionizes to give carboxylate ions and hydrogen ions. This group present in a compound makes it an acid and if present with other groups in the compound it is always present at position no.1 and carbon is included in the carbon chain atoms.

The general formula of carboxylic acids is:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. $C _{n}H _{n}COOH$

  2. $C _{n}H _{2n}COOH$

  3. $C _{n}H _{2n-2}COOH$

  4. $C _{n}H _{2n+1}COOH$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

General formula of acids is: $C _{n}H _{2n+1}COOH$.

For example: for n=1 we get $CH _3-COOH$ which is acetic acid.

IUPAC name of $CH _3COOH$ is:

chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds alkanoic acids nomenclature of carboxyl group nomenclature of carboxylic acids

  1. acetic acid

  2. formic acid

  3. methanoic acid

  4. ethanoic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It has 2 carbon atoms, and functional group is carboxylic group,suffix is "oic acid"
 thus IUPAC name is Ethanoic acid