Tag: genetics of the future

Questions Related to genetics of the future

Which one of the following techniques is used for identifying a DNA sequence that binds to a particular protein and is based on the idea that the phosphodiester bonds in the region covered by the protein are protected from digestion by deoxyribonucleic?

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  1. Finger printing

  2. Foot printing

  3. RAPD

  4. FISH

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Correct Option: A

The technique of DNA finger printing was initially developed by 

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  1. lan wilmut

  2. Hargobind Khorana

  3. Jacque Monod

  4. Alec Jeffreys

  5. Francois Jacob

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

DNA profiling is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics, which are as unique as fingerprints. The technique was developed in 1984 by British geneticist Alec Jeffreys. 

So, the correct option is D, 'Alec Jeffreys'.

Basis of DNA fingerprinting is

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  1. relative proportion of purines and pyrimidines

  2. relative difference in DNA occurrence in blood, skin and saliva

  3. relative amounts of DNA in ridges and groves of fingerprints

  4. satellite DNA occuring as highly short DNA segments.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

By cutting a sample of DNA into fragments and comparing it with other samples it's possible to work out if the DNA has come from the same person. This technique is called DNA fingerprinting, and is a technique used to help solve crimes where the suspect may have left a sample of body tissue at the crime scene. Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA. Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin. The term satellite is used to describe DNA sequences that comprise short head-to-tail tandem repeats incorporating specific motifs. So, the correct option is "Satellite DNA occurring as highly short DNA segments."

Which of the following is incorrect about DNA finger printing?

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  1. It is not inherited from parents to offspring

  2. Show high degree of polymorphism

  3. It is used to detect sex during fetal development

  4. It is used in medico-legal suits

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Correct Option: C

Biometry refers to

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  1. Identification of humans by scanning face and fingerprints

  2. Measurement of mechanical displacement in humans

  3. A method of lie detection

  4. Body length relationships across the evolutionary scale

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biometric recognition (also known as biometrics) refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on their biological and behavioral traits. Examples of biometric traits include fingerprint, face, iris, palmprint, retina, hand geometry, voice, signature and gait.

DNA fingerprinting is useful for the study of 

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  1. Polymorphism

  2. Forensics

  3. Identity and relationship

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

DNA or genetic fingerprinting relies on the principle that no two individuals share the same genetic code except for identical twins. DNA fingerprinting uses the pattern of DNA fragments caused by specific enzymes to identify individual organisms: humans, other animals, plants or any other organism with DNA. DNA fingerprinting is useful in paternity analysis, criminal cases, and many studies of ecology and evolution.

Which is the most reliable method for identifying a person?

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  1. Karyotype examination

  2. DNA fingerprinting

  3. Antibody fingerprinting

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fingerprinting is a very useful method in identification of a person. A fingerprint is unique to an individual and is permanent. The best method is DNA fingerprinting. One of the most common DNA fingerprinting procedures is RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Special enzymes are used to cut segments of a sample from which DNA is extracted. The procedure of RFLP focuses on repetitious sequences of DNA bases which vary greatly from individual to individual.

DNA fingerprinting technique was first developed by 

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  1. Boysen and Jensen

  2. Jeffreys, Wilson and Thien

  3. Schleiden and Schwann

  4. Edward and Steptoe

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffrey is widely considered the father of DNA fingerprinting – a technique that has revolutionized forensic science. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Which one of the following, scientists developed the process of DNA fingerprinting?

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  1. Kary B. Mullis

  2. T. H. Morgan

  3. H. O. Smith

  4. Alec Jeffreys

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In 1984, Alec Jeffreys discovered the technique of genetic fingerprinting in a laboratory in the Department of Genetics at the University of Leicester. Professor Sir Alec John Jeffreys, FRS is a British geneticist, who developed techniques for DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling which are now used all over the world in forensic science to assist police detective work.

DNA profiling can be carried out using

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  1. Blood

  2. Saliva

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

DNA profiling can be carried out using a sample such as blood, saliva, semen or other appropriate fluid or tissue from personal items (e.g., a toothbrush, razor) or from stored samples (e.g., banked sperm or biopsy tissue). Samples obtained from blood relatives (related by birth, not marriage) can provide an indication of an individual's profile, as could human remains that had been previously profiled.