Tag: disorders of muscle and skeleton

Questions Related to disorders of muscle and skeleton

An age-dependent disorder characterized by increased fragility and low bone mass resulting from deficiency of Ca and vitamin D is

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Oesteoporosis

  2. Osteoarthritis

  3. Rheumatoid arthritis

  4. Gout

  5. Rickets

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density which can lead to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis, the bone mineral density is reduced. Low levels of vitamin D is associated with osteoporosis.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Myasthenia gravis is a/an

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Autoimmune disease caused due to non-secretion of acetylcholine at neuromusclar junction.

  2. Muscle related disease, caused by hormonal disorder.

  3. Autoimmune disease, caused due to non-section of CSF.

  4. Autommune disease, caused due to non-conduction of impulses at neural junction.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease that destroys the skeletal muscles responsible for actions such as swallowing, breathing, etc. It is caused due to the inability of muscles to respond to the nerve impulse due to the destruction of the receptors of acetylcholine on them. The acetylcholine is secreted from the neurons at the neuromuscular junction which is not perceived by the muscles as their receptors have been destroyed by the antibodies.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Autoimmune disease, caused due to non-conduction of impulses at neural junction'

Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to the.

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue

  2. High concentration of $Ca^{++}$ and $Na^+$

  3. Decreased level of oestrogen

  4. Accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Osteoporosis is an age related disorder of skeletal system caused due to weakening of bones by decreased Ca++ and oestrogen levels. Osetrogen helps in decreasing the resorption of bone by decreasing osteoclastic activity. As the oestrogen levels decrease the osteoclastic activity increases and more ca++ is withdrawn into blood from bone resulting in osteoporosis. 

So the correct option is C.

Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system.

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Osteoporosis - decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age

  2. Myasthenia gravis- auto immune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

  3. Gout - inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium

  4. Muscular dystrophy - age related shortening of muslces

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Osteoporosis is bone disorder in which the Ca++ is decreased resulting in decreased bone mass. This may lead to fractures.

Myasthenia gravis is an auto immune disorder in which auto antibodies are formed against the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle plate. Due to decreased stimulation of muscle it undergoes wasting.
Gout is an inflammatory condition of the joints caused due to deposition of uric acid crystals.
Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder causing progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.
So the correct option is A.

One of the reasons of the neurological disorder amongst the poors in India is due to eating of

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Cicer arietinum

  2. Lathyrus sativus

  3. Pisum sativum

  4. Vigna mungo

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) causes the neurological disorder known as lathyrism or neurolathyrism. It has high concentration of neurotoxin β-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid which causes paralysis. It is a poison of mitochondria which causes cell death.

So, the correct answer is 'Lathyrus sativus'.

Which of the following is an autoimmune disorder?

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Myasthenia gravis

  2. Osteoporosis

  3. Muscular dystrophy

  4. Gout

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An autoimmune disorder is a condition where body's own immune system attacks and destroys own tissues by mistake. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder in which body produces antibodies agaist the neurotransmitter acetylcholine nicotinic in skeletal muscles. It is characterized by the muscle weakness. 

 Disease caused by deficiency of parathormone is

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Cretinism

  2. Hypercalcemia

  3. Tetany

  4. Myxoedema

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Tetany is rapid spasms in muscles due to low calcium ions in the body fluid or blood. Hyposecretion of parathormone lowers concentration of calcium ions in the blood due to excretion of calcium in urine, this increases the excitability of nerves and muscles, causing cramp and convulsions, this disorder is known as tetany. 

So the correct answer is 'Tetany'.

The term tetanus refers to

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. The partial sustained contraction of major supporting muscles

  2. A stronger contraction resulting from multiple motor unit summation

  3. The result of wave summation, which produces a smooth and sustained contraction of a muscle

  4. The state of muscle fatigue caused by depletion of ATP and accumulation of lactic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • A decline in a muscle's ability to maintain a constant level of force, or tension after prolonged, repetitive stimulation is called tetanus.
  • A tetanic contraction is a sustainable contraction evoked when motor nerve innervates a skeletal muscle emitting action potential at a very high rate.
So, the correct option is 'The result of wave summation, when produces a smooth and sustained contraction of a muscle'.

Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system.

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Muscular dystrophy - age related shortening of muscles

  2. Osteoporosis - decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age

  3. Myasthenia gravis - Autoimmune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

  4. Gout - Inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A. Muscle dystrophy: It involves progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle due to a genetic defect.

B. Osteoporosis: It is a reduction in bone tissue mass causing weakness of skeletal strength. It leads to vertical compression or crushes fracture. It occurs in postmenopausal women and elderly men.
C, Myasthenia gravis: It is an autoimmune disorder that affects neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and ultimately paralysis of skeletal muscle.
D. Gout: It is an inherited disorder of purine metabolism, occurring especially in men.
So, the correct answer is ' Osteoporosis- decrease in bone mass and higher chances of fractures with advancing age.

Repetitive muscular activity at moderate levels, such as weight training, can result in

zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

  1. Denervation atrophy

  2. Mood swings

  3. Muscular hypertrophy

  4. A decline in health

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Muscular dystrophy is a collection of muscle-wasting conditions. 
  • A lack of a protein called dystrophin is the main cause of muscular dystrophy.
So, the correct option is 'Muscular dystrophy'.