Tag: biological importance of sodium and potassium

Questions Related to biological importance of sodium and potassium

Which of the following ions participate in transmission of nerve signals?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Magnesium

  4. Iron

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Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

Option $(A),\ (B)$ are correct.

Sodium and potassium ions participate in the transmission of nerve signals. It is done by sodium/potassium pump.The membrane of an unstimulated neuron is polarized.Polarization is established by maintaining an excess of sodium ions on the outside and an excess of potassium ions on the inside. A certain amount of $Na^{ +}$ and $K^{+}$ is always leaking across the membrane through leakage channels, but $Na^{ +}/K^{ +}$ pumps in the membrane actively restore the ions to the appropriate side.

Sodium ions helps in:

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. transmission of nerve signals

  2. transport of sugar and amino acids into cells

  3. activation of different enzymes

  4. oxidation of glucose to produce ATP

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Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

Option $(A),\ (B)$ are correct.

Sodium ions help in transmission of nerve signals by sodium/potassium pump.
Sodium ions also help in transport of sugar and amino acids into cells through indirect active transport via an extracellular medium.

A typical $70$ kg man constitutes $X$ kg of sodium and $Y$ kg of potassium?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. $x=90,\ y=70$

  2. $x=90,\ y=170$

  3. $x=70,\ y=90$

  4. $x=170,\ y=90$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Option $(B)$ is correct.

A typical 70 $kg$ man constitutes 90 $kg$ of sodium and  170 $kg$ of potassium.

Sodium ions are found in:

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. outside of cells

  2. blood plasma

  3. interstitial fluids

  4. within cell fluids

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Correct Option: A,B,C,D

Which element is present in blood plasma in larger quantity?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Iron

  4. Copper

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Option $ (A) $ is correct.
Sodium is present in blood plasma in larger quantity. It is present in extracellular fluid and interstitial fluids.
Hence, even though sodium diffuses into the cell due to the concentration gradient, there is a sodium pump which pushes it back again.

Which of the following element participate in oxidation of glucose to form ATP?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. Calcium

  2. Sodium

  3. Magnesium

  4. Potassium

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Option $(D)$ is correct.
Potassium participates in the oxidation of glucose to form ATP through  ATP-sensitive potassium channel. 

Select the correct statement with respect to sodium peroxide?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

  1. It decolourises the $KMnO _4$ solution.

  2. On heating with oxygen at $450^0C$ and 300 atm pressure, it becomes paramagnetic.

  3. It is obtained along with sodium metal when sodium oxide is heated to a temperature more than $400^oC$.

  4. It gives both hydrogen peroxide and oxygen gas with water as well as with sulphuric acid.

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Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

(A) $2Mn{ O } _4^-(pink)+16H^++5O _2^{2-}\rightarrow 2Mn^{2+}+8H _2O+5O _2$.
(B) $Na _2O _2+O _2\xrightarrow [300 atm]{> 450^oC} 2NaO _2 ({ O } _2^-$ contains on unpaired electron in $\pi^*$ MO).
(C) $2Na _2O\xrightarrow {400^oC} Na _2O _2+2Na$.
(D) Gives only $H _2O _2$.

The ion helpful for controlling heart beating and muscle contraction is:

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of magnesium and calcium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of sodium and potassium

  1. $Mg^{2+}$

  2. $Na^{+}$

  3. $K^{+}$

  4. $Ca^{2+}$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

${ Ca }^{ 2+ }$ is the ion helpful for controlling heart beat and muscle contraction.

Which of the following statements is false ?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of magnesium and calcium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of sodium and potassium

  1. ${\text{M}}{{\text{g}}^{{\text{2 + }}}}$ ion form a complex with ATP

  2. ${\text{C}}{{\text{a}}^{{\text{2 + }}}}$ on are important in blood clotting

  3. ${\text{C}}{{\text{a}}^{{\text{2 + }}}}$ ion are not important in maintaining the regular beating of the heart.

  4. ${\text{M}}{{\text{g}}^{{\text{2 + }}}}$ ion are important in the green parts of plants.

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Correct Option: C

Which  of the following statement is false?

chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of magnesium and calcium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of sodium and potassium

  1. $Mg^{2+}$ ion forms a complex with $ATP$

  2. $Ca^{2+}$ ions are important in blood clothing.

  3. $Ca^{2+}$ ions are not important in maintaining the regular beating of the hear

  4. $Mg^{2+}$ ions are important in the green parts of plants

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Correct Option: A