Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

Cortisol and testosterone are lipid soluble hormones, which can directly pass through the cell membrane of the target cell and bind with intracellular receptors. So, the correct answer is option D.

Secondary messengers are intracellular signalling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure of extracellular signalling molecules-the first messengers. Second messengers trigger physiological changes such as proliferation, migration, survival, etc. Some common secondary messengers are cAMP(Cyclic Adenosine Mono Phosphate), cGMP(Cyclic Guanosine Mono Phosphate), Calcium ion, IP$ _3$, etc. So all the given options serve as secondary messengers except the Sodium/Mg ions.

A. Thyroxine, insulin hormones are protein hormones. 

In the human body, every receptor is specific for a hormone and every hormone is specific for a receptor.

So, the correct option is ‘Both true’.

Thyroxine is a proteinaceous hormone, formed by the addition of iodine to amino acid tyrosine which is then combined with protein thyroglobulin

Dehydration means removal of water. It is a synthesis reaction where polymerization occurs in which the monomers are bound together which releases water as the end product or byproduct.

GH or STH (Growth or Somatotropin Hormone) stimulates body growth, protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Hypersecretion of this hormone during the period of skeleteal growth causes gigantism characterized by excessive growth of bones, with the enlargement of internal organs as well. Hypersecretion in adulthood causes acromegaly. Here thr, bones become abnormally thick due to ossification of periosteum and thickening of soft tissues as well.