Tag: coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hypothalamus and pituitary that triggered the female reproductive cycle do not schedule milk production on a nine-month clock basis. But oxytocin is released due to the stimulation by fetal ejection reflex. By this stimulation, oxytocin is released which causes contraction in uterus wall and also stimulates prolactin secretion for milk production in mammary gland. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Allosteric inhibition is the regulation of an enzyme by an effector molecule that binds to a site other than the active site, which is called allosteric site. Since it is not blocking the active site it is called 'positive feedback' option $(B)$

• Negative feedback is a reaction that causes a decrease in function. It occurs in response to some kind of stimulus. Often it causes the output of a system to be lessened; so, the feedback tends to stabilize the system. This can be referred to as homeostasis. For example, constriction of skin blood vessels and contraction of skeletal muscles in cold.
• So, the correct answer is 'Constriction of skin blood vessels and contraction of skeletal muscles in cold'.

Copying the behaviour of someone observed is called imitation. It is seen in animals including humans as the most common learning process. Imitation is the social behaviour or conduct that a person unconsciously or passively learns and adopts. For example, drinking alcohol to fit into the group. It is observed that college students are influenced by peer pressure. They develop their concepts on the basis of the thought of peer groups. They want to be socially adapted by the group and they develop the habit of drinking. So, we can say that drinking alcohol is the temporary imitation of peer's behaviour.

Dogs were used as an experimental model for the investigation of conditioning behavior and the experiment was done by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov and was recognized in the world by Pavlov's dog experiment based on classical conditioning theory in which he showed that they could be conditioned to unconsciously associated with neutral, unrelated event with feeding.

Imitation is a behavior where an organism learns from another and replicates or copies by observing. Many animals have this imitating behavior like parrot, pigeon, Japanese quailmonkey and beluga whales which imitate humans.

Instinct is a kind of behaviour which does not involve any prior learning and is inherent and automatic. When there is stimulus received, the release of adrenaline occurs which is known as the adrenaline rush. This results in the development of response which is automatic and instant. 

1. Conditioning is a behavior in which a response becomes more frequent or predictive to a particular action or environment as a result of reinforcement.
2. Imprinting is considered to be the kind of phase-sensitive learning that is very fast and does not depend on the consequences of behavior.
3. Instinct is a type of behavior that is genetically present and is considered to be the response of a particular stimulus like fear from a snake.
4. It is a behavior in which the human try and copy others things.