Tag: cell as structural and functional unit

Questions Related to cell as structural and functional unit

Who is the father of microscopy and microbiology?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Theophrastus

  2. Janssen

  3. Leeuwenhoek

  4. Hooker

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

a) Theophrastus is known as the father of Botany for his different works in plants. 

b) Zacharias Janssen was involved in the invention of the first optical telescope.
c) Leeuwenhoek is known as the father of microscopy and microbiology as he has a great contribution to the establishment of the field microbiology. 

d)  Hooker is the founder of Geographical Botany.
So the correct answer to the question is 'Leeuwenhoek'.

Schleiden (1838) proposed cell to be structural and functional unit of life. His idea was a/an

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Observation.

  2. Assumption.

  3. Generalisation.

  4. Hypothesis.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The term hypothesis means a proposition or a set of propositions set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specific phenomenon. In this case, the phenomenon was smallest constituent entity of living organisms. In 1838, German Botanist Matthias Schleiden found that all plant tissues are made up of cells which have essentially similar structure. German zoologist Theodor Schwann, 1839, working independently observed that animal cells do not have cell wall but are otherwise similar among themselves. Thus, the original idea of both the workers was a hypothesis based on their observation which had to be experimentally verified by other workers.

Hence, D is the correct option. 

Nucleus develops from a pre-existing nucleus. The finding was made by 

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Farmer and Moore

  2. Winiwater

  3. Sutton

  4. Strasburger

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Correct Option: D

Which of the following are the most abundant elements in the living cells?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. C, H, S and P

  2. C, O, N and P

  3. C, H, O and N

  4. C, H, Mg and Ca

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen. 
A carbohydrate is a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms.
Proteins are made up of amino acids which are organic compounds  (C, H, and O) containing amine (-NH2), along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose sugar (C, H, and O), which is in turn attached to a phosphate group. 

So, major macromolecules consist of C, H, O and N and hence, are the most abundant elements in living cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C). 

1 $\mu$m is

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. $10^{-6}$ m

  2. $10^{-9}$ m

  3. $10^{-10}$ m

  4. $10^{-3}$ m

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A micron is a unit of measurement in the metric system that is equal to one-thousandth of a millimeter.
  • Therefore, 1 micron is equal to the $10^{-6}$ meter.

The size of the cells of an organism has no relation with the size of its body.

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • A cell is the smallest form containing genetic material, cell organelles, cytoplasm and it can replicate to give rise to new cells. The cell size is the same in the elephant and in ant. 

Which of the following is he chief reason to indicate that proto - cell was probably a fermenter?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Fermentation provides the most amount of energy

  2. Atmosphere didn't have any oxygen

  3. It didn't have any enzymes

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The photocell was probably a fermenter living on the preformed organic molecules in the organic soup. The primitive atmosphere was a reducing atmosphere with no free oxygen gas. So, the correct option is "Atmosphere didn't have any oxygen".

Which of the following gives a possible sequence of organic chemicals prior to the proto -cell?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Water, salts, protein, oxygen

  2. Inorganic gases, amino acids, polypeptide, microsphere

  3. Inorganic gases, nucleotides, nucleic acids, genes

  4. Both (b) and (c)

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The photocell was not considered a cell until it contained the genes. According to the first RNA hypothesis, the first genes and enzymes were RNA molecules. The first protein hypothesis suggested that protein enzymes were needed before nucleic acids could form. So, the correct option is "both (b) and (c)".

Who wrote the book Micrographia, which contains some of the most beautiful drawings of microscopic observations ever made?

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. Anton Van Leeuwenhock

  2. Robert Hooke

  3. Sir Christopher Wren

  4. Ivan Pavlov

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Micrographia: or Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses. With Observations and Inquiries Thereupon. is a historically significant book by Robert Hooke about his observations through various lenses. It is particularly notable for being the first book to illustrate insects, plants etc. as seen through microscopes. Published in January 1665, the first major publication of the Royal Society, it became the first scientific best-seller, inspiring a wide public interest in the new science of microscopy. It is also notable for coining the biological term cell.

So the correct option is 'Robert Hooke'.

Cells are autonomous because___________________

bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

  1. They synthesize components of living protoplasm from non-living materials.

  2. They are able to grow and divide.

  3. Each cell has its own life span.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • All of the living organisms are made up of cells. Cells can give rise to new cells by cell division. Each cell has a particular life span. Cells possess machinery, enzymes to form living protoplasm from non-living materials. 
  • For example, plant cells take up CO$ _2$ and O$ _2$ from the environment and make food in the presence of sunlight. Animal cells break down or oxidize glucose and form ATP. 
  • Such ATPs are used as energy currency in cell and various processes of cell formation organelle are carried out. Thus, the correct answer is option D.