Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Which of the following statements are correct?
1. Rule of Priority in plant nomenclature commenced from $1853$
2. Binomial nomenclature was introduced by Linnaeus in $1753$
3. The orchid fruit contains five distinct seeds
4. Gynobasic style is found in Lamiaceae
Select the correct answer using the codes given.

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. $1$ and $2$

  2. $2$ and $4$

  3. $1$ and $3$

  4. $2$ and $3$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  1. The first rule commence for botanical nomenclature is in the year 1867 in Paris by A.P.de Candolle.
  2. Binomial nomenclature was given by Linnaeus in 1753.
  3. Orchids have the smallest seed in the world and produces millions in numbers.
  4. When style arises from the cavity from the centre of ovary or from thalamus is gynobasic style and it is the characteristic of Lamiaceae family.
So the correct statemnts are "2and 4".

Long filamentous threads protruding at the end of a young cob of maize are-

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Anthers

  2. Styles

  3. Ovaries

  4. Hairs

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
In a cob of maize, each ovary has a long silky (hairy) style, called as corn silk. Collectively these styles protrude at the end of a young cob. The grains are formed on the cob which remains covered by the leafy bracts.

So, the correct answer is 'Styles'.

Which of the following wall layer of anthers shows fibrous thickening (of callose)?

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Epidermis

  2. Tapetum

  3. Middle layer

  4. Endothecium

Show answer
Correct Option: D

The statements given below describe certain features that are observed in the pistil of flowers.
I. Pistil may have many carpels.
II. Each carpel may have more than one ovule.
III. Each carpel has only one ovule.
IV. Pistil have only one carpel.
Choose the statements that are true from the option below.

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. I and II

  2. I and III

  3. II and IV

  4. III and IV

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Each pistil is constructed of from one to many enrolled leaflike structures, or carpels, each of which encloses one or more ovules. The carpel is a single megasporophyll, or modified seed-bearing leaf. A pistil then may be composed of one carpel (simple pistil), as in the sweet pea, or of two or more carpels (compound pistil) partially or completely joined, as in the mustard (two carpels) or lily (three carpels). A carpel has three parts: stigma, ovary, and style. The stigma is responsible for pollination and is the top-most part of the carpel. The ovary is responsible for determining the number of carpels in a plant and is the bottom-most part of a carpel. Lastly, the style is responsible for connecting the stigma and ovary together, helping with the transfer of pollen through the carpel for pollination.


So, the correct option is 'Option A'.

Gynoecium having a number of free carpels is

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Syncarpous

  2. Apocarpous

  3. Polycarpellary

  4. Syngenesious

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Gynoecium having a number of free carpels is called apocarpous.

A. Syncarpous gynoecium has fused carpels.
B. Apocarpous gynoecium has free carpels.
C. Polycarpellary gynoecium has multiple carpels.
D. Syngenesious is the condition of stamens where anthers are fused but filaments are free.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Apocarpous'.

A flower with five unequal petals has largest posterior petal, two lateral slightly small petals and two anterior petals partially fused to form a boat-shaed structure. Which is not correct for such a flower?

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Descending imbricate aestivation

  2. Odd sepal anterior

  3. Piston mechanism of pollination

  4. Many carpels

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The flowers belonging to the Papilionaceae family has vexillary type of aestivation in which, there is one large posteriorly placed petal called vexillum that overlaps the lateral petals called wings. These wings overlap the anterior petals that are fused to form a boat like structure called keel or carina. This type of aestivation is also called descending imbricate. These flowers also have an odd anterior sepal. They show piston mechanism of pollination. Their gynoecium is one carpel, it is monocarpellary, superior, unilocular with marginal placentation. For example, Pea, Dalbergia etc.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Many carpels'

Gynobasic style is found in _________.

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Labiatae$/$ Lamiaceae

  2. Liliaceae

  3. Gramineae$/$ Poaceae

  4. Compositae$/$ Asteraceae

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When ovary is lobed and the style emerges from the depressions of the lobes of the ovary, it is called gynobasic style. It is seen in the family Lamiaceae or Labiatae. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'Lamiaceae or Labiatae' 

Match the lists.

I II
(a) Bicarpellary, unilocular (i)

Hyoscyamus

| | (b) | Bicarpellary, bilocular | (ii) |

Ulex

| | (c) | Multicarpellary, multilocular | (iii) |

Scilla

| | (d) | Monocarpellary, unilocular | (iv) | Citrus | | | | (v) | Capsicum |

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. a-(iii), b-(v), c-(iv), d-(i)

  2. a-(iv), b-(i), c-(iii), d-(v)

  3. a-(v), b-(i), c-(iv), d-(iii)

  4. a-(v), b-(iii), c-(i), d-(ii)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
   Column I    Column II
 (a)  Bicarpellary, unilocular (iii)  Scilla 
 (b)  Bicarpellary, bilocular (v)  Capsicum 
 (c) Multicarpellary, multilocular   (iv)  Citrus
 (d)  Monocarpellary, unilocular (i)  Hyoscyamus 

(a) Scilla belongs to the family Liliaceae. It shows bicarpellary gynoecium with the unilocular ovary having two ovules arranged in the axile placentation.

(b) Capsicum belongs to the family Solanaceae. The gynoecium is bicarpellary with bilocular ovary showing the axile placentation.
(c) Citrus belongs to the family Rutaceae. The gynoecium is multicarpellary (5 carpels) with multilocular ovary showing axile placentation.
(d) Hyoscyamus belongs to the family Solanaceae but it shows the monocarpellary gynoecium with the unilocular ovary.
Hence, the correct answer is 'a-(iii), b-(v), c-(iv), d-(i)'.

Gynoecium with fused carpels is

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Syncarpous

  2. Syngenesious

  3. Sympatric

  4. Cleistocarpic

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Gynoecium with fused carpels is called syncarpous. Gynoecium with free carpels is called apocarpous.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Syncarpous'

The seed coat is formed from which of the following structure(s)

botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

  1. Integuments

  2. Endosperm

  3. Ovary

  4. Residues of sepals

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering. The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. The maturing ovule undergoes marked changes in the integuments, generally a reduction and disorganisation but occasionally a thickening. The seed coat formed from the two integuments or outer layers of cells of the ovule, which derive from tissue from the mother plant, the inner integument forms the tegmen and the outer forms the testa

So, the correct answer is 'integuments'