Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Bombyx mori (silk worm) belongs to the order _____________.

botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

  1. Lepidoptera

  2. Diptera

  3. Hymenoptera

  4. Coleoptera

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Correct Option: A

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Botanical gardens remain important for their records to local fauna and as basis for continued monographic work.

botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The botanical garden is the specialized gardens have the collection of living plants for reference.  Plant species in these gardens are grown for identification purposes and each plant is labeled indicating its botanical/scientific name and its family. Whereas zoological park is for fauna.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following serves as a quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

  1. Museum

  2. Zoological park

  3. Herbarium

  4. Botanical garden

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The herbarium is a quick referral system in taxonomic studies. It is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study. So, the correct answer is (C).

Study the following statements regarding the preparation of herbarium sheets.


(i) The plant should be collected in the flowering stage.
(ii) Every detail regarding the plant such as locality, ecological conditions, vegetative and floral characters, etc. should be noted.
(iii) Plants are evenly pressed by unfolding all the plant parts between blotting papers (or newspapers) with the help of plant pressers.
(iv) Blotting papers need not be changed until the plant gets dried.
(v) After drying, the plant specimen is carefully mounted/pasted on the herbarium sheets.
(vi) The herbarium sheet is labeled on the lower right-hand corner representing the number of plant specimens, date of collection, etc.

Which of the given statements is/are not correct?

botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

  1. (i) only

  2. (iv) only

  3. (i) and (iv)

  4. (iii) and (iv)

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Correct Option: B

Which name is invalid?

botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

  1. Name not published in Species Plantarum.

  2. Name proposed prior to 1961.

  3. Name which is not in Latin.

  4. Name for which holotype is not designated.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Linnaeus described all plant species known to him in his book “Species Plantarum, 1753” in which he used the system of binomial nomenclature for first time. This makes option A incorrect as not all the plant species were described in this book. The scientific names of species are treated as in Latin regardless of their origin; this makes option C incorrect. According to principle of Priority, names published on or after May 1753 (the date of publication of The Species Plantarum) are considered valid; option B is incorrect. According to principle of typification, holotype is a specimen or illustration which is designated as representative of a species and is used for identification of new specimen. It is mandatory to mention the holotype during publication of new species on or after 1 January 1958; option D is correct. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is required for microinjection method of gene transfer?

botany genetic technology dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation gene cloning procedure

  1. Microparticles

  2. Micropipettes

  3. Divalent cations

  4. UV radiations

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Micro-injection method is the direct or vectorless method of gene transfer, in which foreign DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of animal cell or plant cell by using micro-needles or micro-pipettes. It is used to transfer DNA in oocytes, eggs and embryo.
So, the correct answer is 'Micropipettes'.

The term "competent" refers to

botany genetic technology dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation gene cloning procedure

  1. Increasing the competition between cells

  2. Making cells impermeable for DNA

  3. Increasing the efficiency with which DNA enters the bacterium through pores in its cell wall

  4. Making cells permeable for divalent cations

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Transformation is a process by which a cell takes up naked DNA fragment from the environment, incorporates it into its own chromosomal DNA and finally expresses the trait controlled by the incoming DNA. Since DNA is a hydrophilic molecule, it can not pass through membranes, so the bacterial cells must be made competent to take up DNA. This is done by treating them with a specific concentration of a divalent cation, such as calcium ($Ca^{2+}) which increases the efficiency with which DNA enters the bacterium through pores in its cell wall.
So, the correct answer is 'Increasing the efficiency with which DNA enters the bacterium through pores in its cell wall'.

Micro-injection is a method used to

botany genetic technology dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation gene cloning procedure biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Produce sticky ends of DNA

  2. Provide protection against pathogen

  3. Purify the DNA

  4. Inject recombinant DNA into the nucleus of an animal cell

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Micro-injection is a method used to Inject a recombinant DNA into the nucleus of an animal cell. This is the only way to introduce alien DNA into host cells. 

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

If a person obtains transformants by inserting a recombinant DNA within the coding sequence of enzyme -galactosidase, he will separate out recombinants from non-recombinants by which of the following observations?

botany biotechnology: principles and processes dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation gene cloning procedure biotechnology in agriculture

  1. Non-recombinant colonies do not produce any colour whereas recombinants give blue coloured colonies

  2. Recombinant colonies do not produce any colour whereas non-recombinants give blue coloured colonies

  3. Recombinants and non-recombinants both produce blue coloured colonies

  4. No colonies are formed due to insertional inactivation

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from the non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme, ( -galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the enzyme, which is referred i to as insertional inactivation. The presence of a chromogenic j substrate gives blue coloured colonies if the plasmid in the bacteria does not have an insert. Presence of insert results into insertional inactivation of the -galactosidase and the colonies do not produce any colour, these are identified as recombinant colonies.

In the process of insertional inactivation ________________.

botany biotechnology: principles and processes dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation gene cloning procedure biotechnology in agriculture

  1. A recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of enzyme -galactosidase, resulting in inactivation of the enzyme

  2. A recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of proteins involved in the replication of the plasmid

  3. A recombinant DNA is inserted within the recognition site for EcoRI

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from the non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme, ( -galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the enzyme, which is referred i to as insertional inactivation. The presence of a chromogenic j substrate gives blue coloured colonies if the plasmid in the bacteria does not have an insert. Presence of insert results into insertional inactivation of the -galactosidase and the colonies do not produce any colour, these are identified as recombinant colonies.