Tag: process of cloning

Questions Related to process of cloning

The term 'clone' cannot be applied to offspring formed by sexual reproduction because

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Offspring do not possess exact copies of parental DNA

  2. DNA of only one parent is copied and passed on to the offspring

  3. Offspring are formed at different times

  4. DNA of parent and offspring are completely different

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

During sexual reproduction, fertilization creates a single-celled zygote which includes genetic material from both gametes. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) joins up so that homologous chromosome sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by an exchange of genetic information. Whereas, cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially. In nature, many organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction.

So, the correct option is 'Offspring do not possess exact copies of parental DNA'.

A gene carried by recombinant DNA is cloned when

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. It's host bacterium divides by binary fission

  2. It is transcribed

  3. It is fragmented by restriction enzymes

  4. It is hybridized

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Vector DNA, with foreign gene is called recombinant DNA. rDNA undergo multiplication by binary fission of host cells or gene cloning process.

So, the correct option is ‘it’s host bacterium divides by binary fisison’.

Name of sheep cloned for the first time is .............

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Dolly

  2. Polly

  3. Molly

  4. Holly

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dolly was a female domestic sheep, and the first animal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer. She was cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin institute, based near Edinburgh. She was born on 5 July, 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease 5 months before her seventh birthday. The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammary gland, and the production of a healthy clone therefore, proved that a cell taken from a specific part of the body could recreate a whole individual. Hence, option A is correct. 

With the help of DNA ligase donor DNA fragment is joined. It is called

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Molecular cloning

  2. Tissue culture

  3. Protoplasmic fusion

  4. Splicing

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Correct Option: A

The technique in which the developing embryo (at definite stage) from a pregnant superior breed is removed and transferred to another female with inferior characters, in whose body further development till birth takes place. Such technique is called as

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Embryo transfer

  2. Artificial insemination

  3. Protoplast fusion

  4. Cloning

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Embryo transfer is the technique in which the developing embryo from a pregnant superior breed is removed and transferred to another female with inferior characters for establishing the pregnancy and in whose body further development takes place till birth. It is used in humans as well as animals.

So, the correct answer is 'Embryo transfer'.

Offsprings formed by asexual reproduction exhibit remarkable similarity. This is known as

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Clone

  2. Gamete

  3. Androecium

  4. Gynoecium

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cloning is the production of identical genetic copies. All forms of asexual reproduction are variations of the cell division process of mitosis. Asexual reproduction is sometimes called as cloning and the individual copy produced by cloning method is called as a clone.

The nucleus of a donor embryonal cell/somatic cell is transferred to an enucleated egg cell. Then after the formation of an organism, what shall be true?

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Organism will have extranuclear genes of the donor cell

  2. Organism will have extra nuclear genes of recipient cell

  3. Organism will have extra nuclear genes of both donor and recipient cell

  4. Organism will have nuclear genes of recipient cell

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is given that the recipient cell has  been enucleated. It means its nucleus or genetic material has been removed. Hence, the organism that will develop from it would have the nuclear genes of donor embryonal/ somatic cell. Hence, the organism will have extra nuclear genes of recipient cell. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Organism will have extra nuclear genes of recipient cell.'

'Clones' are individuals that have exactly the same ________.

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Lifespan

  2. Physiology

  3. Growth rate

  4. Genetic makeup

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Correct Option: D

Cloning of animals has been possible due to advances in

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. nuclear technology

  2. computer technology

  3. biotechnology

  4. autoradiography

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cloning in biotechnology refers to the process of creating clones i.e. exact copies of an organism. Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. Due to the advancement of biotechnological processes like DNA cloning, amplification, isolation, recombination etc. It has been possible to create clones of animals. 

So, the correct option is 'biotechnology.'

Population of cells derived from a single parent cell is called

zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

  1. Symmetrical cell

  2. Diploid

  3. Haploid

  4. Clone

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Clone are cells or organism that is genetically identical to the original cell or organism from which it is derived. Many unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and yeasts, are clones of parent cells generated by either binary fission or budding. The body cells of plants and animals are clones ultimately derived from the mitosis (cell reproduction) of a single fertilized egg. More narrowly, a clone can be defined as an individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it.
So the correct option is 'clone'.