Tag: skeleton - movement and locomotion

Digital formula is a way of comparing animals by the number of phalanges that they have in each of their digits. It can be used to study phylogeny or to predict how an animal may use its hands and feet. An animal’s phalangeal formula is simply given as a series of numbers. Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands(or paws) and feet. Fore limb of frog is 0-2-2-3-3 and hind limb is 2-2-3-4-3.

So, the correct answer is ‘2-2-3-4-3’.

The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. It articulates with the radius and ulna bones of the forearm to form the elbow joint. Distally, the humerus becomes flattened. The much smaller lateral epicondyle of the humerus is found on the lateral side of the distal humerus.

 Long bones are longer than they are wide and they are slightly curved for strength.
– A bone that is curved is structurally able to absorb the stress of the body at several points so the stress will be evenly distributed.
– The straight bone would not be able to evenly distribute the weight of the body and the bone would break more easily.
– Long bones are shaped like tubes with rounded ends that are designed to fit into other bones to form joints.
– The ends of long bones are filled with spongy bone; this makes them light but strong.
– Long bones can be found in the thigh, lower leg, toes, arms, forearms and fingers.

(A) Radius-ulna has a sigmoid notch.

• A skeleton is the hard structure that protects the internal organs of a living thing. 
• Skeletons can be inside the body or outside the body. 
• In mammals, which include humans, the skeleton is made of bones. 
• All the bones, when they are joined together, make the "skeletal system" of a body. Hence, the major constituent of the human body is a skeleton.

The endocrine glands in the body such as a pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid and etc secrete various hormones in the body. The bones cannot secrete hormones as they lack glands to produce and secrete hormones. It helps in protection of vital organs, haemopoiesis, and muscle attachment.

The skeleton is the structural framework of the body. Our skeleton system contains 206 bones. Its main function is to support muscles and tissues. It also protects the vital organs, allows movement of bones and muscles and serves as the storage house for immature blood cells and minerals.

Term innominate is used both in the context of a skeletal system and circulatory system. In the circulatory system, innominate is one of the branches of the aortic arch. The arch of the aorta, located immediately beyond the ascending aorta, gives off three large branches.
1. The brachiocephalic trunk is a short artery formerly called the innominate. Its name means that is supplies the head and the arm. After extending upward somewhat less than 5 cm (2 inches), it divides into the right subclavian artery, which supplies the right side of the head and the neck. 
2. The left common carotid artery extends upward from the highest part of the aortic arch. It supplies the left side of the neck and the head.
3. The left subclavian artery extends under the left collar bone (clavicle) and supplies the left upper extremity. This is the last branch of the aortic arch.
Innominate bone in anatomy refers to either of the two bones that form the sides of the pelvis, consisting of three fused components, the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The non-technical name is hip bone.