Tag: kidney hormones

• Erythropoietin is a  peptide hormone produced primarily by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.
• Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.
• The resulting rise in red cells increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
•  As the prime regulator of red cell production, erythropoietin's major functions are to promote the development of red blood cells. Hence, Juxtaglomerular cells of kidney produce a peptide hormone called Erythropoietin.

• Renin is a hormone produced by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.
• Renin also acts as an enzyme in the conversion of angiotensin-1 to its active form, angiotensin-2 involved in constriction of blood vessels. Hence renin is both a hormone and an enzyme. Hence, renin is both a hormone and enzyme.

• Angiotensin is a polypeptide that narrow blood vessels and thus regulates arterial pressure. 
• Angiotensin not only constricts blood vessels all over the body in order to increase systemic blood pressure, but it also works in the kidneys in order to maintain blood pressure in the glomerulus(glomerular pressure) so that the glomerular filtration rate stays normal even in the condition when blood pressure is low. Hence, angiotensin increases glomerular pressure.

• Erythropoietin is a hormone released by the kidney.
  
• It is a glycoprotein. 
• This hormone helps in the proliferation and differentiation of erythrocyte precursors.
• Thus, they produce red blood cells (RBCs) from the bone marrow cells and this process is also known as erythropoiesis.
• The cells of the kidney that produces erythropoietin are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood that travels to the kidney.
• So, the correct answer is 'Glycoprotein'.

• Erythropoietin is a hormone released by the kidney.
  
• It is a glycoprotein. 
• This hormone helps in the proliferation and differentiation of erythrocyte precursors.
  
• Thus, they produce red blood cells (RBCs) from the bone marrow cells and this process is also known as erythropoiesis.
  
• The cells of the kidney that produces erythropoietin are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood that travels to the kidney.
• The extrarenal site for erythropoietin release is liver.
• So, the correct answer is 'Kidneys'.

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood from the tissue to the lungs in three ways: (i) dissolved in solution in the plasma; (ii) buffered with bicarbonate (i.e as hydrogen carbonate ions) and (iii) bound to proteins, particularly hemoglobin.  So, the correct option is 'Erythropoietin'.