Tag: basics of leaf and flower

The term perianth is used to refer to the condition when the calyx and corolla are not differentiated. In grasses, the similar condition is seen by the presence of lodicules, that are situated below the ovary. 

The whorl perianth represents undifferentiated calyx and corolla. Its individual units are called tepals. Tepals can be petaloid if coloured bright or sepaloid if green.

Achlamydeous condition refers to the absence of both the calyx and the corolla. Instead, there is a presence of the whorl called perianth. This type of condition is seen in betel, belonging to the family Piperaceae.

Involucre refers to the group of bracts that are arranged in one or more whorls around the flowers. Example, sunflower.

Flowers are the site of sexual reproduction in a flowering plant. They are a morphological and embryological marvel. The proximal end of the filament of the stamen is attached to the thalamus or the petal of the flower. The number and length of stamens are variable in flowers of different species. The number varies from 3 to 10 in different species. Also, the size of stamens varies largely in different species. Stamen attached to the petal is called as epipetalous. For example, Brinjal.

Bougainvillea flower of the plant is generally white and in which each cluster of 3 flowers is surrounded by 3 or 6 bracts with the bright colors associated with the plant, including purple, magenta, red, pink, white, or yellow, orange,

Tomato belongs to Family Soianaceae. It is a climber. It has actinornorphic flower. 

A flower having sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are complete; lacking one or more of such structures, it is said to be incomplete. Stamens and pistils are not present together in all flowers. Rose, hibiscus, Oxalis, are a few examples

On the basis of fowers and inflorescence the most advanced family in angiosperms is Asteraceae. Asteraceae are mostly herbaceous plants, but some shrubs, trees and climbers do exist. Asteraceae are generally easy to distinguish from other plants, mainly because of their characteristic inflorescence and other shared characteristics. The Asteraceae commonly referred to as or sunflower family are an exceedingly large and widespread family of Angiospermae. The name Asteraceae comes from Aster, the most prominent genus in the family, that means star, and is connected with its inflorescence star form. As for the term Compositae, more ancient but still valid, it obviously makes reference to the fact that the family is one of the few angiosperm ones to have composite flowers. This family has a remarkable ecological and economical importance. The Asteraceae may represent as much as 10% of autochthonous flora in many regions of the world. Most members of Asteraceae are herbaceous,but a significant number are also shrubs, vines, or trees. The family has a  worldwide distribution and is most common in the arid and semiarid regions of subtropical and lower temperate latitudes. The Asteraceae are an economically important family.