Tag: evidences of evolution

A-  Coacervate can be defined as an aggregate of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acid often surrounded by the cell membranes and forms a stable colloid with properties that resemble living matter. According to Russian biochemist Aleksandr Oparin in the hot primitive seas, organic molecules would gather in small drops, similar to the actual cells. These small drops bunddled up in water molecules are called “coacervates”. 

Bone structure and shape of baby chimp and infant baby skulls are very similar, with the classic huge head and tiny cute face we seem programmed to love. In adolescent chimpanzee and an adult human we can see the jaw start to lengthen in both and their overall similarity. The adult chimpanzee, who has a significantly larger and more powerful bite than any adult human. So, humans and chimpanzees appear to have very similar development in terms of bone structure as they grow up, except that humans just seem to stop at a certain point. There are a multitude of theories as to why this happens, but they all seem to follow the pattern of certain behaviours being selected for which affect the balance of hormones in the body that control the development of adult features. This is called neoteny. So, we can say in evolutionary terms, we are more related to skull of baby chimpanzee than apes, gorillas and adult chimp. Thus, option A is correct and other options are wrong.

Louis Pasteur determined through his different experiments that life on earth has originated from different living organisms. He performed an experiment to test whether nutrient broth could spontaneously generate microbial life or not. In these experiments, he used swan-necked flasks, in which he killed all the microorganisms. But, within a short time, they got infected again with the regeneration of new microorganisms.  

A common belief in evolution is the unity in the organisation of the organisms at various levels is due to descent from a common ancestor.

Reptiles were the most dominant animals of Mesozoic era, which includes the flying reptiles, birds and angiosperms

Convincing evidence of common ancestry comes from the similarities in the biochemical composition, reactions and physiological activities of living beings, like metabolic process, enzymes, cytochrome C, insulin, haemoglobin, blood and lymph etc. Genetic code is the sequence of DNA nucleotides that determines the amino acid sequence of the translated protein. The genetic code is read in triplets of basescalled codons.  Genetic code is applicable universally i.e. a codon specifies the same amino acid from a virus to a tree or human beings. The mRNA from chick oviduct introduced in E. coli produces an ovalbumen in the bacterium exactly similar to one formed in chick.