Tag: pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Questions Related to pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Select the mismatched pair.

biology pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Storage of pollen grains - $196^o$C

  2. Pollen allergy - Carrot grass

  3. Chasmogamous flowers - Exposed anthers and stigmas

  4. Xenogamy - Self pollination

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Xenogamy or cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of a genetically different flower. Cross pollination is performed with the help of an external agency.

Even in absence of pollinating agents seed-setting is assured in.

biology pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Commelina

  2. Zostera

  3. Salvia

  4. Fig

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Commelina bears aerial, chasmogamous (stigma and anthers exposed to pollinating agents), insect pollinated flowers and underground cleistogamous flowers. Cleistogamous flowers are bisexual flowers which never open. In such flowers, the anther and stigma lie very close to each other. When anther dehisce in the flower buds, pollen grains come in contact with the stigma of the same flower i.e, autogamy occurs. So, these flowers produce assured seed set, even in the absence of pollinators.

So, the correct option is 'Commelina'.

How can plants prevent self pollination?

biology pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Stamen and pistil mature at different times.

  2. Plants should develop bisexual flowers.

  3. Pistil should have increased receptivity for pollens from same plant.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • There are several methods to prevent self-pollination in plants. Bisexual flowers show self-pollination. 
  • Chances of self-pollination increases when pistil has increased receptivity for pollen from the same plant. Self-pollination occurs in flowers where the stamen and carpel mature at the same time. 
  • Hence, to prevent self-pollination, stamen and pistil must mature at different times. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Cross pollination produces

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo types of pollination cross pollination pollination and its types

  1. Similar offspring

  2. Weaker progeny

  3. Better progeny

  4. Male progeny

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower borne on a separate plant. Cross pollination results in mixing or combination of characters, and thus improve the vigour and quality of species.
Cross pollination results in better progeny because:
1. Two genetically different pants are involved.
2. There is recombination in cross pollination which increase the vigour.
3. Fertility is increased.
So, the correct answer is C.

The pollination by ........ is called as zoophily.

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. Wind

  2. Water

  3. Animals

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Pollination carried by the animals is known as zoophily. The coloured corolla attracts insects for pollination. It has sticky pollens which attach to the insect and are transferred from the anther to the stigma of the flower. For example, Arctium.
Pollination carried by the wind is known as anemophily. It has lighter pollens or winged pollens which are easily carried by the wind. For example, pine.
Pollination carried by water is hydrophilly. It has lighter pollen which is easily carried by the water currents. For example, hydrilla.

In Chiropterophily, pollination is performed by

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. Bats

  2. Birds

  3. Squirrels

  4. Insects

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Pollination which occurs by means of bats is called Chiropterophily.
Pollination which occurs by means of wind is called Anemophily.
Pollination which occurs by means of insects is called Entomophily.
Pollination may also occur by various other pollinating agents such as squirrels but any specific term is not given for such type of pollination.
So, the correct answer is A.

Pollination performed by bats is

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. Myrmecophily

  2. Entomophily

  3. Ornithophily

  4. Chiropterophily

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Myrmecophily is the pollination of flowers by means of ants.
Entomophily is the pollination of flowers by means of insects.
Ornithophily is the pollination of flowers by means of birds.
Chiropterophily is the pollination of flowers by means of bats.
So, the correct answer is D.

Read the following matches.

(i) Wild pea Petiolar tendril
(ii) Sweet pea Leaflet tendril
(iii) Gloriosa  superba  Stipular tendril
(iv) Australian Acacia Phyllodes

Which of these are correct?

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (i) and (iv)

  3. (ii), (iii) and (iv)

  4. (ii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Sweetpea (Lathyrus odoratus) Leaflet tendril 
 Australian Acacia  Phyllodes

Gloriosa Superba comes under the category leaf tip tendril rather stipular tendril. Wild pea is not a petiole tendril. Correct matches are :

 
So the correct option is "ii&iv".

Which of the following is ornithophilous?

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. Erythrina

  2. Agave

  3. Grevillea

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Ornithophilous plants are the plants in which flowers are pollinated by means of birds. Examples of Ornithophilous plants are Erythrina, Agave, and Grevillea. As all the options given in the question are of Ornithophilous plants.
So, the correct answer is D.

In most of the angiosperms, pollination predominantly occurs by .............

botany pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination and fertilization

  1. Air

  2. Water

  3. Insects

  4. Birds

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grain from the anther to stigma. Angiosperm is the flower producing plant that attracts insects for pollination. Insect pollination not only conserves energy for the plant, but insects may play a part in angiosperm diversity. The zoophilous pollen species have adaptations for pollination by generalist insects (39%), specialized pollen-collecting insects (27%) and other specialized pollinators (10%).