Tag: respiration in plants

Questions Related to respiration in plants

Enzyme required to oxidise acetaldehyde is

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Ethanol oxidase

  2. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

  3. Alcohol hydrogenase

  4. Glyceraldehyde dehyadrogenase

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme oxidises acetaldehyde into acetate. This enzyme belongs to class of aldehyde dehydrogenases. Acetaldehyde is produced from the metabolism of alcohol by the enzyme alcoholic dehydrogenase. Acetaldehyde is toxic and its accumulation can lead to effects of hangover so it needs to be metabolized. It is converted into acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Acetate is then converted into carbon dioxide and water. These metabolic reactions occur in liver.
So, the correct answer is 'Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase'.

Continuous addition of sugars in fed batch fermentation is done to 

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Degrade sewage

  2. Produce methane

  3. Obtain antibiotics

  4. Purify enzymes

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Continuous addition of sugar is a common process in fed-batch fermentation. It is usually done to purify the enzymes involved.

In Yeast, anaerobic respiration produces

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. $CO _2$ and ethanol

  2. $CO _2$ and water

  3. $O _2$ and lactic acid

  4. $O _2$ and pyruvic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Yeast can undergo both aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration. In anaerobic respiration, glucose is utilized and carbon dioxide and ethanol are formed. It is also called as alcoholic fermentation. In aerobic respiration, water and carbon dioxide are produced.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

With reference to the products of microbial fermentation, which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Lactic acid- Rhizopus stolonifer

  2. Vinegar- Acetobacter sp.

  3. Vitamin $B12$- Streptomyces griseus

  4. B-amylase- Saccharomyces sp.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Enzyme that changes glucose to ethyl alcohol is

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Zymase

  2. Diastase

  3. Invertase

  4. Maltase

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A) Zymase causes the breakdown of sugars into alcohols.

B) Diastase catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose.
C) Invertase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of sucrose into fructose and glucose.
D) Maltase breaks down maltose to glucose.
So the correct answer is 'Zymase'

During fermentation by yeast, alcohol is formed from

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Proteins

  2. Sugars

  3. Mucopolysaccharides

  4. Fats

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
 Alcohol is formed from the fermentation of sucrose or any other sugar source by $Saccharomyces\ cerevisiae$ (yeast).
So the correct answer is 'Sugars'

During lactic acid fermentation

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. $O _2$ is used, $CO _2$ is liberated

  2. Neither $O _2$ is used nor $CO _2$ liberated

  3. $O _2$ is not used, $CO _2$ is liberated

  4. $O _2$ is used, $CO _2$ is not liberated

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In all organisms, during glycolysis, glucose is used as an energy source and converted into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH molecules. Lactic acid fermentation is an anerobic metabolic process carried out by few bacteria (Lactobacillus) and animal (i.e., muscle) cells.  Lactate dehydrogenase (enzyme) participates in this process and converts the pyruvate (produced during glycolysis) to lactic acid, thereby regenerating NAD+, which can be returned to the cycle and helps to maintain glycolysis. 

So, the correct option is 'O2O2 is used, CO2CO2 is not liberated'.
CO2

Ethyl alcohol fermentation can be observed in

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Rhizopus

  2. Lactobacillus

  3. Mesophyll cell

  4. RBC

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
While Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most important source of industrial alcohol, R. stolonifer and other species of Rhizopus also produce ethyl alcohol which is the most important fermentation product.

So, the correct answer is 'Rhizopus'.
Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in _______________.
biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. Lactobacillus

  2. Muscles of Humans

  3. Rhizopus

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ethyl alcohol fermentation occurs in fungi such as Rhizopus, yeast, and bacteria. 

Lactobacillus and muscles of humans do anaerobic respiration but form lactic acid as an end product. (i.e., Lactic acid fermentation)
So, the correct answer is (C).

State whether the following statements are true or false.
When not enough oxygen gets to muscle cells during a sprint, energy is provided by glycolysis of glucose to pyruvic acid and then conversion of these molecules to lactic acid.

biology respiration in plants fermentation cell respiration living organisms and energy production

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Glycolysis is the first part of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
  • The end product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid which is produced in the cytoplasm and no oxygen is required for the process of glycolysis.
  • The pyruvic acid formed can enter either kerb cycle for the reactions of aerobic respiration or it can undergo anaerobic reaction in the cells where there is absence of oxygen.
  • There are 2 process under anaerobic reaction in which pyruvic acid can take part. First is where pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid and second is where it converted to Ethanol and carbon dioxide. These reaction are called fermentation reaction.
  • Fermentation reaction of pyruvic acid takes place when there is no presence of oxygen. Sometimes during some of the physical activities when not enough oxygen is not reaching the muscles the energy for the contraction and relaxation of the muscles is provided by the process of glycolysis (2ATP) and then the pyruvic acid undergoes fermentation reaction forming Lactic acid and releasing 1 molecule of NADH per Pyruvic acid molecule.
  • Therefore the above sentence is correct and the answer option 'True' is correct.