Tag: method of plant breeding for crop improvement

Questions Related to method of plant breeding for crop improvement

Steps to be followed by a plant breeder to get disease-resistant crops are.

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Screening of germplasm for disease resistant varieties.

  2. Hybridisation of selected parents.

  3. Selection and evaluation of the hybrids.

  4. Testing and release of new varieties.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Most herbicide interfere with

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Water absorption

  2. Translocation of sugar

  3. Photolysis of water

  4. ${ CO } _{ 2 }$ absorption

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Herbicides, also commonly known as weed killers, are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by interfering with the growth of the weed and are often synthetic mimics of natural plant hormones. A large number of different herbicide classes inhibit photosynthesis by binding to the quinone-binding protein, D-1, to prevent photosynthetic electron transfer. Mostly they interfere with photolysis of water. Thus, option C is correct. Herbicides does not interfere with water absorption, translocation of sugar and CO$ _{2}$ absorption. Thus, other options are wrong.

Virus free plant can be obtained through

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Grafting

  2. Callus culture

  3. Shoot tip culture

  4. Suspension culture

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The shoot tip culture used for obtaining disease free plant without genetical changes. The plant which affected by any contaminant mostly by viruses have saved by shoot tip culture, because shoot tip of any affected plant is less or free from contamination (viruses, bacteria, fungus or others). Plant shoot tip are more efficient to cultivation or differentiation in-vitro because cells of them newly generated and healthy comparison to other parts. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Plants show orange patch on infected plant parts

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Rust of wheat

  2. Smut

  3. Red rot

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Rust of wheat is caused by fungus. Diseased plants show rust coloured orange patches on the infected plant part.

Himgiri developed by hybridisation and selection for disease resistance against rust pathogens is a variety of

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Wheat

  2. Chilli

  3. Maize

  4. Sugarcane

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Himgiri is a wheat hybrid variety, which yields 26-30 qtls/ha. It is a disease resistance variety to stripe rust or yellow rust. This is Triticum aestivum species. The variety was developed by IARI. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Breeding for disease resistance requires

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. A good source of resistance

  2. Planned hybridisation

  3. Disease test

  4. All the above.

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Correct Option: D

Match the columns:

I II
a Mutation breeding 1 Johannsen
b Inbreeding depression 2 Karpechenko
c Pureline selection 3 Darwin
d Intergeneric hybridization 4 Staddler
5 Shull
biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. a-4, b-2, c-5, d-1

  2. a-4, b-5, c-2, d-1

  3. a-4, b-5, c-1, d-2

  4. a-5, b-4, c-1, d-2.

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Correct Option: C

The Ear cockier of wheat can be differentiated from Molya disease of wheat by the fact that in the former.

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. Plants become dwarf, stem and leaves become twisted spike lets get distorted and grains get replaced by brown stony structures

  2. Plants become pale, leaves turn yellow with reddish lip, roots get matted and fail to ear

  3. Root tips swell and cyst adheres to roots that turn brown and fall

  4. Show hypertrophy of stern and leaves and roots swell

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Correct Option: A

State whether the following statement is true or false.
Ability of an organism to resist disease is called as host resistance.

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambigous

  4. Data insufficient

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ability of an organism to resist disease is called host resistance. These plant varieties are developed under Integrated Pest Management to provide resistance against a particular variety of pest. 

Example Bt Cotton a transgenic plant which has resistance to a certain kind of disease called the boll disease.
So, the given statement is true.

Which one of the following is the indigenous breed of chickens ?

biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

  1. plymouth rock

  2. white leghorn

  3. aseel

  4. rhode island red

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Aseel is a pure indigenous breed of chicken originated from India and Pakistan. They are used for cock fighting. They are very large breed of chicken from subcontinents. This breed is good in high yield of meat but it is not good for egg production. The average weight of cock varies from 4 to 5 kg and hens 3 to 4 kg.