Tag: structure of atoms

Questions Related to structure of atoms

Who determined the mass of a neutron?

chemistry what is inside atom discovery of neutrons structure of atoms discovery of subatomic particles

  1. John Dalton (early 1800's)

  2. Ernest Rutherford (1911)

  3. Niels Bohr (1913)

  4. James Chadwick (1932)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The presence of neutron and its mass was determined by James Chadwick. Neutron was discovered by bombarding $\alpha-$particles on $Be$. On doing so, highly energetic beam of radiation was observed by Chadwick. Thus mass of neutron was determined by James Chadwick.

Whose experiment proved the existence of the nucleus?

chemistry what is inside atom discovery of neutrons structure of atoms discovery of subatomic particles

  1. John Dalton (early 1800's)

  2. Ernest Rutherford (1911)

  3. Niels Bohr (1913)

  4. James Chadwick (1932)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The $\alpha-$ ray scattering-gold foil experiment by Ernest Rutherford gave substantial evidence for  existence of nucleus in $1911$. Thus the existence of nucleus was proved by Rutherford's experiment.

Neutron was discovered by:

chemistry what is inside atom discovery of neutrons structure of atoms discovery of subatomic particles

  1. J.J. Thomson

  2. Chadwick

  3. Rutherford

  4. Priestley

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Neutron was discovered by Chadwick.
To overcome the failure of proton electron hypothesis, Rutherford, in 1920, proposed the existence of neutral particle made from close combination of proton and electron. He named it neutron.
In 1932, Lord Chadwick proved the existence of neutron by bombarding lighter elements (boron and beryllium) with alpha particles which resulted in the emission of highly penetrating neutral radiation.

The neutron is a neutral (non-electrical) particle in the centre of the atom. It was discovered when a tiny piece of the metal, beryllium, was bombarded with alpha particles. This discovery was made by:

chemistry what is inside atom discovery of neutrons structure of atoms discovery of subatomic particles

  1. Chadwick

  2. Rutherford

  3. Niels Bohr

  4. Enrico Fermi

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
In 1930, it was discovered that Beryllium, when bombarded by alpha particles, emitted a very energetic stream of neutral radiation. In 1932, Chadwick proposed that neutral radiation consists of a new type of neutral particles - neutrons.

Neutron's relative charge is :

chemistry structure of the atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. $-1$

  2. $+1$

  3. $0$

  4. $-2$

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Neutron is a neutral particle.

In 1932, ___________ discovered an electrically neutral particle in the atom named as neutron.

chemistry what is inside atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. Rutherford

  2. James chadwick

  3. J.J. Thompson

  4. none of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

in 1932, James Chadwick discovered neutron.

According to J. Chadwick, __________ is not found in hydrogen atom.

chemistry what is inside atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. neutron

  2. electron

  3. proton

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

According to Chadwick, neutron is not not found in hydrogen.

Which of the following statements is false?

chemistry structure of the atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. Proton has a positive charge

  2. Neutron has no charge

  3. Electrons are found in regions of the atom called orbitals

  4. Electrons has a greater mass than the protons

  5. Protons and neutrons form the nucleons of the atom

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Electron has less mass. A proton and a neutron have effectively the same mass. A proton (or a neutron) has approximately 1837 times more massive than an electron.

$ _{7}{X}^{15}$ and $ _{8}{Y}^{15}$ differ in

chemistry structure of the atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. Physical properties

  2. Chemical properties

  3. Number of neutrons

  4. Number of nucleons

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The option (C) is the correct answer.
$\displaystyle _{7}{X}^{15}$ and $\displaystyle _{8}{Y}^{15}$ differ in number of neutrons.
Number of neutrons for $\displaystyle _{7}{X}^{15} = 15-7=8$
Number of neutrons for $\displaystyle _{8}{Y}^{15}=15*8=7$
Note: Number of neutrons $\displaystyle =$ mass number $\displaystyle -$ atomic number.

Neutrons are present in all atoms except?

chemistry structure of the atom neutrons discovery of neutrons structure of atoms

  1. He

  2. C

  3. H

  4. Ne

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The available hydrogen state ${ H } _{ 1 }^{ 1 }$. It is made of 1 electron, 1 proton and no neutrons. All other elements including isotopes of Hydrogen have neutrons.