Tag: continents of earth

Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean in the world. Bounded on all sides by the continents of Asia, America and Europe. The Arctic Ocean has a D- shaped form with an average depth of 3,500m and an area equal to 1/12 of the Pacific Ocean. The Arctic Ocean is mostly frozen and a 15 feet permanent thick ice is found due to which there are difficulties of sounding the bottom.

The Indian ocean is the only ocean named after a country. It is smaller than Pacific and Atlantic Ocean in areal extent. It has Asia in the north, Africa in the west, Asia in the east, Australia in the south east and Antarctica in the south. The Indian subcontinent in the north divided Indian Ocean into Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.The average depth of the ocean is 4,000 meters. Major part of the coastal lands of Indian Ocean formed by the block mountain of Gondoanaland are compact and solid. 

Mid -Atlantic is a submerged mountain range, representing the zone of divergent or constructive plate margins. It is S shaped extends for 14,450 km from Iceland in the north and the Bouvet Iceland in the south. The ridge is known as Dolphin Rise to the north and Challenger Rise to the south of equator. It is known as Wyville Thompson Ridge between Iceland and Scotland. The ridge becomes quite extensive to the south of Greenland and Iceland and called Telegraphic Plateau.

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Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean and the deepest location on Earth. It is 11,034 meters (36,201 feet) deep, which is almost 7 miles. Whereas the depth of the pacific ocean is 10,994 meters.

Siddhanta Shiromani (Crown of treatises) is the major treatise of Indian mathematician Bhāskaracharya II. He wrote the Siddhanta Shiromani in 1150 when he was 36 years old. The work is composed in the Sanskrit Language in 1450 verses.

Eratosthenes calculated the actual circumference of the earth in the 3rd century CE. He was a Greek scientific writer, astronomer, and poet. His work is comparable to what is now known as the study of geography, and he introduced some of the terminology still used today.

Aryabhatta born in 476 AD and died in 550 AD, was a great mathematician and an astronomer. In the 5th century, he told that the earth is not stationary.

The first European to sight the Australian continent was Dutchman Willem Janszoon in 1606, along the coast of Cape York Peninsula. The Dutch mapped the northern coastline, referring to the continent as “New Holland".