Tag: microbes in household and industry

Questions Related to microbes in household and industry

Elevated $CO _{2}$ level can be beneficial to some plants and harmful on others, included

biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

  1. Rice

  2. Wheat

  3. Sugarcane

  4. Cotton

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Correct Option: B

Viruses are useful for making breads.

biology introduction to microbiology food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Yeast is used as a leavening agent in bread making. Yeast converts sugars present in the dough to carbon dioxide.
 Due to this, the dough expands. When such dough is baked then air pockets formed due to carbon dioxide will give soft and spongy texture to the bread. The virus is not used for making bread as it lacks respiration. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following microorganisms converts milk into curd ?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Yeast

  2. Aspergillus

  3. Penicillium

  4. Bacteria

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lactobacillus converts milk into curd. It acts on the lactose of the milk and turns it into lactic acid. The increased acidity leads to the coagulation of casein protein of the milk and turns it into curd.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct?
(i) Antibiotics are the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentration can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.
(ii) Penicillin was the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.
(iii) The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.
(iv) Fleming, Chain and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945. 

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. (i) only

  2. (iii) only

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (iii) and (iv)

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Correct Option: A

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

Column I Column II
A. Aspergillus niger (i) Ethanol
B. Clostridium butylicum (ii) Statins
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (iii) Citric acid
D. Trichoderma polysporum (iv) Butyric acid
E. Monascus purpureus (v) Cyclosporin
biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. A - (iv), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (i), E - (iii)

  2. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v), E - (ii)

  3. A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (v), D - (i), E - (ii)

  4. A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (iv), D - (v), E - (i)

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
 Column I  Column II
 Aspergillus niger  Citric acid (commonly used as vinegar)
 Clostridium butylicum  Butyric acid
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae  Ethanol (commercial production of ethanol)
 Trichoderma polysporum  Cyclosporin (Immuno-suppressive agent in organ transplant patients)
 Monascus purpureus  statin (blood cholesterol lowering agent)

Benzo-diazepene is an?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Anti depressant

  2. Anti psychotic

  3. Anti anxiety drug

  4. Sedative

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following is the microbe used in manufacturing vinegar?

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Streptococcus thermophilus

  2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  3. Acetobacter

  4. Aspergillus oryzae

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The bacteria Acetobacter aceti is involved in the conversion of ethanol formed during fermentation into vinegar. This can happen when Acetobacter bacteria acts on alcoholic beverages such as wine and, therefore, vinegar may also be an undesirable product formed during alcoholic beverage production. 

Rishikesh is famous for the production of _______________.

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Heavy electricals

  3. Fertilizers

  4. Transistorized radios

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is option A i.e. "Antibiotics"
Rishikesh is famous for the production of Antibiotics. IDPL (Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) is situated in Rishikesh which mainly manufactures various types of antibiotics. The Rishikesh plant was commissioned in 1967 and has a largest antibiotics fermentation facility

First antibiotic discovered was ____________.

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Penicillin

  2. Ampicillin

  3. Celin

  4. Erythrocin

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first antibiotic discovered was penicillin. It was discovered in 1828 by Alexander Fleming when he noticed the growth of mold-fungus in the culture of Staphylococcus and there were no bacteria in the region where the fungus was growing. It was because the fungus was secreting the anti-biotic that had killed the bacterial cells in the culture. The fungus was recognized as Penicillium.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Penicillin'.

Terramycin is obtained from

biology introduction to microbiology commercial use of microorganism microbes in household and industry food production and microorganisms

  1. Streptomyces venezuelae

  2. Streptomyces aureofaciens

  3. Streptomyces rimosus

  4. Streptomyces griseus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Terramycin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces rimosus, a species of actinomycete isolated from a soil sample. It is amphoteric and forms a hydrochloride and a sodium salt. Terramycin had a low degree of toxicity in animals and that the crystalline hydrochloride salt possessed a wide range of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms
So, the correct answer is 'Streptomyces rimosus'