Tag: immunity related disorders and problems
Questions Related to immunity related disorders and problems
HIV infection can be detected through
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Electron microscopy
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Endoscopy
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ELISA test
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Litnotrophy
AIDS virus contains or Human immuno deficiency (HIV) virus has protein coat and genetic material which is
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Single stranded RNA with protein
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Double stranded RNA
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Single stranded DNA with protein
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Double stranded DNA
HIV virus is a retrovirus which contains single stranded RNA surrounded by protein coat (core shell) as genetic material. It causes AIDS.
HIV causes reduction of
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T-helper cells only
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All T-cells
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B-cells only
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Both B and T-cells
The T helper cells are a type of T-cell that plays an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system. They help the activity of other immune cells by releasing T cell cytokines. When the HIV infects the man it enters into the T-helper cells for replication and they utilize energy from T- help cells. By the viral replication, T-helper cells get damaged and gradually reduced their numbers.
At which stage, of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?
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Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person
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When the infecting retrovirus enters host cells
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When viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase
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When HIV replicates rapidly in helper T-lymphocytes and starts to reduce the number of T$ _H$ cells by destroying them.
There are three stages in the development of AIDS.
The second stage is 'chronic HIV infection' where HIV continues to multiply in the body but at very low levels.
The last and final stage of HIV infection is AIDS. AIDS is diagnosed when a person with HIV has a T lymphocytes count of less than 200 cells/cubic mm and/or one or more opportunistic infections. HIV uses the machinery of these T lymhocytes for replication and destroys them rapidly. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
People who are at high risk for HIV infection are
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Individuals who have multiple sexual partners
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Drug addicts who take drugs intravenously
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Individuals who require repeated blood transfusions
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All of the above
HIV spreads mainly by having sex or sharing injection drug equipment such as needles with someone who has HIV. Also, certain fluid like blood from an HIV-infected person can transmit HIV. So, the person who has multiple sex partners or who takes drugs intravenously (through needles, injections) and who require repeated blood transfusions are at high risk of HIV.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Choose the wrong statement.
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HIV virus has RNA as its genetic material.
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HIV virus replicates in TH lymphocytes.
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Anti-retroviral drugs are only partially effective for AIDS treatment.
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HIV spreads by sexual contact or sharing needle with the infected person and not by mere touch of physical contact.
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The time-lag between the infection and appearance of AIDS symptom may vary from few hours to a week.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the RNA-containing virus belong to the retrovirus. It targets the immune system especially TH cells, where they replicate. As the virus destroys and impairs the function of immune cells, infected individuals gradually become immunodeficient. It is transmitted from infected to healthy man through body fluid by sexual contact or sharing a needle with an infected person. The symptoms of HIV vary depending on the stage of infection. Though people living with HIV tend to be most infectious in the first few months, many are unaware of their status until later stages. The first few weeks after initial infection, individuals may experience no symptoms or an influenza-like illness including fever, headache, rash or a sore throat. It can be treated by using the anti-retroviral drug which is partially effective. Hence, the correct answer is option E.
$HIV$ causes immunodeficiency in
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Multiplicative state
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Single strand $DNA$ state
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$RNA$ state
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Provirus state
Which one of the following does not follow the central dogma of molecular biology
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HIV
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Pea
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Mucor
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Chlamydomonas
Which one of the following does not follow central dogma of molecular biology
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Mucor
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Chlamydomonas
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HIV
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Pea
AIDS virus found in India is
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HIV-1
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HIV-2
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HIV-3
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HIV-4
- 'AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
- The first AIDS cases in the world were reported in the United States in June 1981.
- In India, in the year 1986, the first known case of HIV was diagnosed by Dr Suniti Solomon and her student Dr Sellappan Nirmala amongst female sex workers in Chennai, The virus found was HIV-1.
- Hence AIDS virus found in India is HIV-1.
- So, the correct answer is 'HIV-1'