Tag: nutrition deficiency diseases

Questions Related to nutrition deficiency diseases

Semi-indispensible amino acids are

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Arginine and histidine

  2. Methionine and threonine

  3. Leucine and isoleucine

  4. Arginine and lysine

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Correct Option: A

Three major types of cells in stomach are ________________.

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Mucous cells, chief cells, oxyntic cells

  2. Mucous cells, chief cells, enteroendocrine cells

  3. Mucous cells, enteroendocrine cells, oxyntic cells

  4. Enteroendocrine cells, chief cells, oxyntic cells

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Correct Option: A

Gastric juice contains

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. HCl and pepsin

  2. pepsin and trypsin

  3. trypsin and HCI

  4. amylopsin and pepsin

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Gastric juice comprising a mixture of substances, including pepsin and hydrochloric acid, secreted by glands of the stomach. Its principal function is to break down proteins into polypeptides during digestion.

Hence, the correct answer is 'HCl and pepsin'

Enzyme pepsin in the gastric juice helps in the digestion of :-

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. carbohydrates

  2. fats

  3. nucleic acids

  4. proteins

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pepsin is the chief digestive enzyme in the stomach that stomach that breaks down proteins. Cells produce pepsinogen that is produced to act on mucus by epithelial cells of the stomach that helps to protect the lining of the stomach from corrosive hydrochloric acid and pepsin.

So, the correct option is 'Proteins'.

In which of the following structures protein digestion first occurs?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Mouth

  2. Stomach

  3. Large intestine

  4. Small intestine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Digestion involves the mixing of food, its movement through the digestive tract, and the chemical breakdown of the large molecules of food into smaller molecules.
  •  Digestion begins in the mouth when we chew and swallow, and then it is passed on to the stomach where digestion takes place by gastric juices and enzymes secreted by the stomach and then it is passed to the small intestine where the digestion is completed. 
  • Pepsin is an enzyme which is released by zymogenic cells, the chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food proteins into peptides. Hence, the stomach is the structure where the protein digestion first occurs.
So, the correct answer is 'Stomach'.

A digestive juice with a pH of approximately 2 is found inside the

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. mouth

  2. stomach

  3. pancreatic duct

  4. small intestine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The pH of your stomach varies, from 1-2 up to 4-5. When you eat, the stomach releases enzymes called proteases as well as hydrochloric acid to help in digestion.
  • By itself, the acid doesn't really do much for digestion, but the proteases that cleave proteins work best in an acidic environment or low pH, so after a high-protein meal, your stomach pH may drop to as low as 1 or 2. 
  • However, buffers quickly raise the pH back to 3 or 4. After the meal has been digested, your stomach pH returns to a resting level of about 4 or 5. Hence, inside of the stomach, a digestive juice with a pH of approximately 2 is found.
So, the correct answer is 'stomach'.

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following enzymes has the lowest pH optimum?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Pepsin

  2. Trypsin

  3. Salivary amylase

  4. Pancreatic amylase

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • In humans and other mammals pepsin produced in the stomach by chief cells in an inactive form called pepsinogen. 
  •  Once the pepsinogen is released into the stomach, the low pH from the gastric acid helps in the conversion of pepsinogen into pepsin, the active enzyme.
  •  Many proteins are denatured at low pH, and most enzymes whether or not they denature require a higher pH for activity. Hence, pepsin is the enzymes has the lowest pH optimum.
So, the correct answer is 'pepsin'.

Pepsin is an enzyme which acts in

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. acidic medium in the stomach

  2. alkaline medium in the stomach

  3. alkaline medium in the duodenum

  4. acidic medium in the duodenum

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Pepsin is an enzyme which is released by zymogenic cells, the chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food proteins into peptides.
  •  It is most active in acidic environments.
  •  It exhibits maximal activity at pH 2.0 and is inactive at pH 6.5. Hence, Pepsin is an enzyme which acts in an acidic medium in the stomach.
So, the correct answer is 'acidic medium in the stomach'.

Pepsin acts in

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. basis medium

  2. acidic medium

  3. neutral medium

  4. all types of medium.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pepsin acts in 'acidic medium'.

So the correct option is B.

If pH of stomach is 1.6, then which enzyme will digest protein? 

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Amylase

  2. Trypsin

  3. Erypsin

  4. Pepsin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

If the pH of the stomach is 1.6, then 'pepsin' will digest protein.

So the correct option is D.