Tag: environmental changes

Questions Related to environmental changes

The temperature generally tends to decrease towards the poles because ________________________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. the air movement is generally towards the equator

  2. the polar winds are cool

  3. the earth's shape at poles

  4. the solar rays fall slanting on poles

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Correct Option: D

The sun's energy is dissipated and scattered before it reaches the ______.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. mars

  2. pluto

  3. moon

  4. earth

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Earth,

Once the sun's energy reaches earth, it is intercepted first by the atmosphere. A small part of the sun's energy is directly absorbed, particularly by certain gases such as ozone and water vapor. Some of the sun's energy is reflected back to space by clouds and the earth's surface.

Most of the particles of solar wind are charged ________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. electrons

  2. neutrons

  3. protons

  4. mesons

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electrons

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun, called the corona. This plasma consists of mostly electrons, protons and alpha particles with kinetic energy between 0.5 and 10 keV. Embedded within the solar-wind plasma is the interplanetary magnetic field.

Which of the following is transmitted in long wave?

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. solar radiation

  2. Heat radiation

  3. Both a and b

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Solar radiation transmits longwave radiation.
Solar radiation is radiant energy emitted by the sun from a nuclear fusion reaction that creates electromagnetic energy. The spectrum of solar radiation is close to that of a black body with a temperature of about 5800 K. About half of the radiation is in the visible short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Terrestrial radiation is long waves _________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. radiated by the earth 

  2. reflected by the earth

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Radiation is the direct heating by the transmission of the heat waves. The upper layer of the atmosphere absorbs some amount of heat of the sun as they pass through the atmosphere. Radiation from the earth is called terrestrial radiation. Terrestrial radiation is long wave radiated by the earth. 

Only one part of ____________ billion parts of sun's radiation reaches the earth.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Only one part of 2 billion parts of sun's radiation reaches the earth.
The sun's radiation must make it through multiple barriers before it reaches Earth's surface. The first barrier is the atmosphere. About 26% of the sun's energy is reflected or scattered back into space by clouds and particulates in the atmosphere 34. Another 18% of solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere.

The amount of solar radiation reflected by the earth is called as its _______.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Albedo

  2. Scattering

  3. Refraction

  4. Dispersion

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A part of the solar radiation falling on any surface is reflected back. Thus a certain amount of energy is lost and it does not play any role in heating the atmosphere. The reflectivity of a substance usually expressed as a percentage of the incident radiation reflected is known as it's albedo or reflection coefficient. It differs from place to place as well as from time to time.

What factors are responsible for Insolation variation?

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. The angle of inclination of the suns rays

  2. The length of the day

  3. The transparency of the atmosphere

  4. all of these

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The conditions of the atmosphere as well as the seasons affect the actual amount of insolation received at a place on the earth. Following are the factors which are responsible for variation in insolation:-

  1. Angle of inclination of the sun rays
  2. Length of the day
  3. Transparency of the atmosphere
  4. Solar constant
  5. Distance between the earth and the sun

The energy radiated out in the space by earth's surface is called _______________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Solar radiations

  2. Terrestrial radiations

  3. Radioactivity

  4. Insolation

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The energy from the sun to earth comes in the form of solar radiation while the earth radiates it back to the atmosphere in the form of terrestrial radiations, hence option B is correct.
  • Radioactivity is the energy released with the breakdown of matter in the form of gamma rays.
  • Insolation is the reduction of energy transfer between objects.

The incoming solar radiation in the form of short waves is called _____________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Insolation

  2. Sleet

  3. Drizzel

  4. Terrestrial radiations

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Incoming solar radiation from the sun is called insolation.
  • Terrestrial radiation is the energy radiated back by the earth to the atmosphere.
  • Sleet is partly frozen rain
  • Drizzle is light rain falling with very small droplets.