Tag: growth and development in plants

Questions Related to growth and development in plants

Endosperm of angiosperms results after fertilization from ................

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Antipodal cells

  2. Zygote

  3. Synergids

  4. Secondary nucleus

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Endosperm of angiosperm results when the secondary nuclei which is diploid fuses with the second sperm entering the apparatus, which is haploid in nature.

The plant, whose seeds are known to have longest viability period is

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Nelumbo nucifera 

  2. Triticum vulgare 

  3. Zizyphus jujube 

  4. Carica papaya 

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Water lotus (Nelumbo  nucifera) have an unusually long period of viable germination. Even if, a seed is in the ideal condition of germination, it might remain dormant for decades. They show self-preservation and resistance to germination. 

So, the correct answer is 'Nelumbo nucifera'

Fruit is 

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Ripened ovule

  2. Ripened bud

  3. Ripened ovary

  4. Ripened pistil

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The ovary is converted into fruit after the formation of an embryo and protects the seed in angiosperms.

So, the correct option is 'Ripened ovary'

After fertilization ovary changes into

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Seed

  2. Flower

  3. Fruit

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
After the embryo formation, the female part and the ovule starts converting to protect the seed and ovary is the part which converts into fruit in which seed is kept in angiosperms.
So the correct option is 'Fruit'

Caruncle develops from

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Outer integument

  2. Cotyledon

  3. Funiculus

  4. Inner integument

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A. Seed in many members of the Euphorbiaceae, such as castor, the soft outgrowth capping the hard seed is formed by proliferation of the cells at the tip of the outer integument called caruncle. It is rich in starch and sugars.

B. Cotyledons-  They  are thin, semi-transparent and oval in outline in castor. They have palmate venation. The middle costa or rib is more prominent and bears a few lateral veins.

C. Funiculus- It is a stalk like structure which attaches the ovule to the placenta.

D. Inner integument- It forms the tegman, inner covering of seed.

So, the correct answer is ‘Outer Integument’.

Seed develops from

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Embryo

  2. Ovule

  3. Embryo sac

  4. Ovary

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
After fertilization,
A. The zygote develops into an embryo.
B. The ovule develop into a seed.
C. The triploid primary endosperm nucleus forms an endosperm.
D. The ovary transformed into a fruit.
So, the correct answer is 'Ovule'.

Which of the following structure forms fruit?

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Leaf

  2. Flower

  3. Root

  4. Ovary

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. Fruits are produced only by flowering plants (angiosperms). Following pollination of the flower, the fertilized ovules develop into seeds while the surrounding ovary wall forms the fruit tissue or pericarp.
So, the answer is D.

The structure which can show the effect of traits brought by the male gamete immediately after its formation is

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Embryo

  2. Cotyledons

  3. Endosperm

  4. Plumule

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Endosperm nourishes the developing embryo. It is formed by the fusion of male gamete with the diploid secondary nucleus that results in the formation of a triploid primary endosperm mother cell. In double fertilization, one male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote and the other male gamete fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus to form the endosperm. It is formed immediately after fertilization because it has to nourish the developing embryo. So, the correct answer is C.

Cardamoms or Cardamons are ripe and dried fruits of

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Elettaria cardamomum

  2. Cinnamomum zeylenicum

  3. Eugenia caryophyllata

  4. Zingiber officinale

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cardamoms are ripe and dried fruits of  Elettaria cardamomum, commonly called green or true cardamoms. They are called the 'queen of spices' because of the aroma and taste. 

In angiosperms, triple fusion produces

biology reproduction in higher plants growth and development in plants sexual reproduction in plants post fertilization - plants

  1. Polar nucleus

  2. Secondary nucleus

  3. Primary endospermic nucleus

  4. Zygotic nucleus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Double fertilization process is observed in angiosperms in which syngamy takes place in the beginning. After syngamy the pollen tubes releases two male gametes, one fuses with the nucleus of egg cell and the other with the central cell and forms primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). The process is called as triple fusion as endosperm is triploid in nature.

So, the correct option is 'Primary endospermic nucleus'.