Tag: growth and development

Vernalization is the process by which plant can be induced to flower by exposing it to prolonged cold or winter. The term was coined by Lysenko in 1928. He stated that certain plants can be made to flower by providing low-temperature treatment to young plants or moistened seeds. Sugarbeet, carrot are biennial plants that require vernalization for flowering.

Apple grows in low temperature for germination it needs more time as earlier stages are less tolerant to low temperature but flowering starts at the temperature which is around 7 degree or below it that means it needs extreme cold climate to grow.

Yarovization is the process by which plant can be induced to flower by exposing it to the prolonged cold of winter. After this, plants show flowering. The term was coined by Lysenko in 1928.  He stated that certain plants can be made to flower by providing low temperature treatment to young plants or moistened seeds. Other terms like vernalization, jarovization, springification were also coined for the same phenomenon. However, today the most accepted term is vernalization.

In the case of potato, it requires more photoperiod to induce flowering. Whereas for the formation of tuber, it requires very less photoperiod. Thus, it is told that potato is LDP for inducing flowering; but SDP for tuber formation. The flower-inducing florigen and tuber-inducing tuberigen signals are functionally exchangeable. Flowering and tuberization are distinct reproduction strategies, both of which involve the sensing of the photoperiod and generation of a signal in the leaves (process called as induction), the subsequent transport of the signal (known as florigen or tuberigen), and the response in a distant organ, the vegetative meristem, or stolon tips (also called evocation).

Vernalization is the induction of a plant's flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter, or by an artificial equivalent. After vernalization, plants have acquired the ability to flower, but they may require additional seasonal cues or weeks of growth before they will actually flower. Vernalization is sometimes used to refer to herbal (non-woody) plants requiring a cold dormancy to produce new shoots and leaves but this usage is discouraged. Many plants grown in temperate climates require vernalization and must experience a period of low winter temperature to initiate or accelerate the flowering process. This ensures that reproductive development and seed production occurs in spring and winters, rather than in autumn. The needed cold is often expressed in chill hours. Typical vernalization temperatures are between 5 and 10 degrees Celsius (40 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit).

Vernalization is the process by which plant can be induced to flower by exposing it to the prolonged period of low temperature or cold. After this, plants show quicker flowering. Gibberellic acid is a plant hormone which helps in growth of stem. It also brings about the rapid flowering in plants.

Apple is able to grow in low temperature the earlier stages have less tolerance of lower temperature than the later stages and it requires around 800 hours for growth.