Tag: socialism in europe and the russian revolution

The Civil War in Russia was a result of the emergence of opposition against the Bolsheviks. The opposition groups included monarchists, militarists, and, for a short time, foreign nations. Collectively, they were known as the Whites while the Bolsheviks were known as the Reds. The Russian Civil War tore Russia apart during a three-year period, from 1918 and 1921.

Due to acute shortages of grain supplies and outdated modes of production Stalin introduced the collectivization programme. Under this program, peasants were forced to cultivate on collective farms called as Kolkhoz. Those who resisted collectivization programme were severely punished and many were deported and exiled. Independent cultivation was also allowed but such cultivators were treated unsympathetically. This programme did not lead to an increase in production immediately.  

Tsar dissolve Duma in 1906 because he was scared of liberalism.

The Imperial Russian Army (also known as 'Russian steamroller') was the armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917 when Tsar Nicholas II was ruling the country. It consisted of more than 900,000 regular soldiers and was the largest armed force during the First World War. The army also played an important role in the downfall of the Tsarist power.

At the start of the 20th century in Russia, all the power was vested in the hands of a hereditary monarch who was called "Tsar". But when Tsar regime was under attack pro- Tsarists group came into existence during the early years of the 1900s. They were called 'White' and controlled most of the Russian empire from 1918 to 1919.