Tag: prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell

Questions Related to prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell

An animal cell, a plant cell and a bacterium share the following structural features.

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. Cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles

  2. Cell wall, plasma membrane, mitochondria

  3. Cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm

  4. Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Animal cell, plant cell and bacterium have plasma membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes as common parts. Cell organelles and nucleus are absent in bacterial cell but present in animal and plant cells.

So, D is the correct option. 

Choose the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. Prokaryotes have RNA, eukaryotes have DNA.

  2. Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, eukaryotes have a nucleus.

  3. Prokaryotes have DNA, eukaryotes have RNA.

  4. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, eukaryotes have a nucleoid.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Prokaryotic cells are primitive cells. They do not possess many membrane bound organelles as mitochondria, lysosomes etc. They also do not have well defined membrane bound nucleus. Nuclear material of a prokaryotic cell consists of a single chromosome which is in direct contact with cytoplasm. Here, the undefined nuclear region in the cytoplasm is called as nucleoid, i.e., there is no nuclear membrane. 

Eukaryotes possess well defined nucleus and membrane bound organelles as mitochondria, Golgi complex, etc. Nucleus is bound with double membrane in eukaryotic cell in which most of the genetic material is present. 

The main difference between the prokaryotic cell and the eukaryotic cell is that in the prokaryotic cell there is no

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Cell wall

  3. Genetic system

  4. Distinct nucleus

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In the prokaryotic cell, there is no definite nucleus with a nuclear membrane. But the genetic material is distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. Along with some of them may have cell wall and mitochondria.

All animals are eukaryotes and multi-cellular.

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Organisms are divided into five kingdoms by R.H.Whittaker. According to this classification all the prokaryotes and unicellular organisms are grouped under kingdom Monera and some in kingdom Protista.

Most of the animals are motile.

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Animals are multi-cellular and eukaryotic. Most of them are highly developed as compared to plants. They have a specific locomotory organ for moving from one place to another.

The numbers of vacuoles are __________ in animals are compared to plants.

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. More

  2. Less

  3. Same

  4. Can't define

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plants don't have excretory system, thus possess larger vacuole to store their waste metabolites. Whereas animals have comparatively smaller vacuoles used for storage's of food materials. Thus the number of vacuoles in animal cell would be larger due to its size as compared to plants.

Bacteria differ from eukaryotes in absence of

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. DNA

  2. Basic proteins

  3. Histones

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Prokaryotic cells synthesize a set of small, usually basic proteins that bind DNA and are collectively called histone- like proteins because their biochemical properties resemble eukaryotic histones but histones are absent in Bacteria

So, the correct answer is 'Histones'

Cell wall is absent in

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. Mycoplasma

  2. Gametes

  3. Animal cells

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Cell wall is composed of cellulose and it is mostly prominent in plant cell. It provides structural frame work to the cell and provides strength and rigidity to the cell.
Mycoplasma lacks cell wall around its plasma membrane which makes it resistant towards common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis.
Gametes are the haploid cells which is lined by basal germinal epithelium.
Animal cell lacks the cell wall and starts with the plasma membrane.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Which is correct option amongst the following statements?
(a) Nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria, microtubules and pili are absent in prokaryotic cells.
(b) Nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria, microtubules and pili are present in eukaryotic cells
(c) Ribosomes are 70S in prokaryotic cells and mitochondria. They are 80 S in animal cells.

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. a and b are wrong, c is correct

  2. a is correct, b and c are wrong

  3. a and b are correct, c is wrong

  4. a and c are correct, b is wrong

  5. a, b and c are wrong

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Pilus refers to a thin and rigid hair-like appendage that protrudes from the cell surface of bacteria (prokaryotic cell) and is responsible for bacterial conjugation.
  • They are absent in eukaryotic cells.
  • The ribosomes present in a bacteria and the cellular organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) are 70S type and those present in a eukaryotic cell (both plants and animals) are 80S type.
  • So, the correct answer is 'a and b are wrong, c is correct'.

Plant cell differs from animal cell by

biology organization of life comparison of prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell types of cell

  1. Presence of vacuoles

  2. Presence of cell wall and chloroplast

  3. Absence at cell wall

  4. Absence of chloroplast.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plant and animal cells have several differences and similarities. For example, animal cells do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but plant cells do. Animal cells are mostly round and irregular in shape while plant cells have fixed, rectangular shapes.

Hence B is the correct option.