Tag: regulation of breathing

Questions Related to regulation of breathing

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The structure which does not contribute to breathing movements in mammals is

biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. ribs

  2. diaphragm

  3. larynx

  4. abdominal muscles

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The process of breathing is divided into two phases: inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation). The diaphragm, ribs, external, the internal intercoastal muscles and the abdominal muscles that move the diaphragm are all involved in changing the size of the thoracic cavity either by contraction or relaxation thereby changing the air pressure and causing air to move in or out of the lungs. So, the correct option is 'larynx'.

Which of the following options is incorrect about the larynx (sound box)?

biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. It is a bony box.

  2. Glottis is the opening into the larynx.

  3. During swallowing of food glottis is covered by epiglottis to prevent food entry into the larynx.

  4. All of these.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Larynx is a cartilaginous box containing nine pieces of cartilages.
  • Glottis is the opening from where esophagus and trachea gets seperated.
  • To prevent food from entering into the larynx while swallowing, the epiglottis covers the opening of the larynx.
  • So, the correct option is (A).

Signet ring cartilage of larynx is

biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Cricoid

  2. Arytenoid

  3. Thyroid

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The cricoid cartilage is a ring of hyaline cartilage located at the inferior aspect of the larynx and is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. It has the shape of a signet ring, with a broad portion posterior to the airway (lamina of cricoid cartilage) and a narrower portion circling anteriorly (arch of cricoid cartilage). 

Lungs lie in the thoracic cavity separated by ............ from the abdominal cavity.

zoology the respiratory system regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Septum

  2. Diaphragm

  3. Thoracic cage

  4. Ribs

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity, containing the heart and lungs, from the abdominal cavity and performs an important function in respiration. As, the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs.  It is a dome-shaped sheet of muscle that is inserted into the lower ribs. 

Cluster of air sacs in lungs are called

zoology the respiratory system regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Alveolus

  2. Bronchi

  3. Braonchioles

  4. Air spaces

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Correct Option: A

We will find vocal cords in

biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Larynx

  2. Pharynx

  3. Nasal cavity

  4. Trachea

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Correct Option: A

A dual organ is ...........

biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Trachea

  2. Bronchus

  3. Pharynx

  4. Larynx

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The larynx is an organ of complex structure that serves a dual function: as an air canal to the lungs and a controller of its access, and as the organ of phonation.
So, the correct option is 'Larynx'

What is dead space air?  

zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Air in the alveoli

  2. Air in the lungs

  3. Air in the pharynx

  4. Air in the trachea and bronchi

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Some amount of air remains behind in the various parts of the respiratory tract.
  • The air in the trachea and bronchi (where no diffusion occurs) is called dead space air.
  • The air remaining in the alveoli or air sacs in alveolar air. The maximum volume of air that can be exchanged in one breath in and out is called the vital capacity. It is about 5000ml. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

The amount of volume of air that can be inspired / expired normally is called

zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Tidal volume

  2. Vital capacity

  3. Residual volume

  4. Normal volume

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tidal Volume (TV) is the amount of volume of air that can be inspired / expired normally.

Vital Capacity is the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.
Residual volume is the volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the most forcible expiration possible. Hence, option A is correct.

Person living at sea level has _________ lung capacity than a person living at high altitudes. 

zoology respiratory system of human regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

  1. Smaller

  2. Higher

  3. Equal

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A person who is born and lives at sea level will develop a slightly smaller lung capacity than a person who spends their life at a high altitude. This is because the partial pressure of oxygen is lower at higher altitude which, as a result means that oxygen less readily diffuses into the bloodstream. In response to higher altitude, the body's diffusing capacity increases in order to process more air. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.