Tag: isothermal and adiabatic processes

Questions Related to isothermal and adiabatic processes

The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of $0.2 \ mol\ of\ N _2$ at constant pressure from $37^oC$ to $ 337^oC$  will be

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $746\ J$

  2. $1746\ J$

  3. $2746\ cal$

  4. $3746\ J$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$N _2$ is a diatomic molecule thus its degree of freedom is 5. Its $C _p$ is given as $(1+\displaystyle\dfrac{f}{2})R=(1+\dfrac{5}{2})R=\dfrac{7}{2}R$
Thus, we get the heat required as $Q=nC _p\Delta T=0.2\times \displaystyle\dfrac{7}{2}\times 8.314\times 300=1746  J$

At constant temperature and constant pressure, the heat of the reaction is equal to:

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $\Delta E$

  2. $\Delta H$

  3. $\Delta P$

  4. $\Delta V$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Heat of reaction at constant pressure $=\Delta H$

The specific heat of a gas at constant pressure as compared to that at constant volume is

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. less

  2. equal

  3. more

  4. constant

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When the gas is heated at constant pressure, some amount of heat is used up in increasing the volume of the gas. For a constant volume process no such heat is required. Thus $C _p>C _v$

The molar specific heat of an ideal gas at constant pressure and volume are $C _p$ and $C _v$ respectively. The value of $C _v$ is

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $R$

  2. $\gamma$ R

  3. $\dfrac{R}{\gamma-1}$

  4. $\dfrac{\gamma R}{\gamma-1}$

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

We know that $\displaystyle\dfrac{C _p}{C _v}=\gamma$ and $C _p-C _v=R$.
Thus we get $C _v(\displaystyle\dfrac{C _p}{C _v}-1)=R$
or, $C _v=\displaystyle\dfrac{R}{\gamma -1}$

The gaseous mixture consists of $16\quad $ of helium and $16\quad $ of oxygen. The ratio $\cfrac { { C } _{ p } }{ { C } _{ v } } $ of the mixture is :-

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. 1.59

  2. 1.62

  3. 1.4

  4. 1.54

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Correct Option: B

Calculate the specific heat of a gas at constant volume from the following data. Density of the gas at N.T.P =$19 \times 10 ^ { - 2 } \mathrm { kg } / \mathrm { m } ^ { 3 }$ $\left( C _ { p } / C _ { v } \right)$ = 1.4,J =$4.2 \times 10 ^ { 3 } \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { kcal }$ atmospheric pressure=$1.013 \times 10 ^ { 5 } N / m ^ { 2 }$ (in kcal /kg k)

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $2.162$

  2. $1.612$

  3. $1.192$

  4. $2.612$

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Correct Option: A

The ratio of the specific heat of air at constant pressure to its specific heat constant volume is

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. Zero

  2. Greater than one

  3. Less than one

  4. Equal to one

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The correct answer is option(B).

The ratio of specific heat at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant volume is always greater than one.
As, when the gas is allowed to expand resulting in constant pressure, some of the heat is converted to work resulting in the need of a higher amount of heat to raise the temperature of the gas. Whereas when the volume of the gas is constant, the entire heat supplied is utilized in raising the gas temperature. Hence the heat required the raise the temperature of a unit mass of gas at constant pressure is greater than that required at constant volume. Hence the ratio $c _p:c _v$ is always greater than one.

Which of the following formula is wrong?

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $\displaystyle{C _{v} = \dfrac{R}{\gamma - 1}}$

  2. $\displaystyle{C _{p} = \dfrac{\gamma R}{\gamma - 1}}$

  3. $\displaystyle \dfrac{C _{p}}{ C _{v}} = \gamma$

  4. $C _{p} - C _{v} = 2R$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The different formula for specific heats is given by:

  • $\dfrac{C _{p}}{C _{v}} = \gamma$
  • $C _{p} - C _{v} = R$
Upon further simplification, we get:
  • $C _{p} = \dfrac{\gamma R}{\gamma -1}$
  • $C _{v} = \dfrac{R}{\gamma -1}$
The incorrect formula is
$C _{p} - C _{v} = 2R$
Hence option D is the answer.

For a gas the ratio of the two specific heats is $\dfrac{5}{3}$. If R $=$ 2 cal /mol-K then the values of $C _{p}$ and $C _{v}$ in cal / mol- K 

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. $C _p=5 ,C _v=3 $

  2. $C _p=3 ,C _v=4 $

  3. $C _p=4 ,C _v=3 $

  4. $C _p=3 ,C _v=5 $

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

From given data we have $C _{p} - C _{v} = 2 $
and $\dfrac{C _{p}} { C _{v}} = \dfrac {5}{3} $
Solving both gives , 
$C _{p} = 5$ and  $ C _{v} = 3 $

A diatomic gas molecule has translational, rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom. Then $\dfrac{C _{p}}{C _{v}}$ is

principal and molar specific heats of gases isothermal and adiabatic processes specific heat capacity heat and thermodynamics physics

  1. 1.67

  2. 2.14

  3. 1.29

  4. 1.33

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The diatomic molecule has total 6 degress of freedom(3 translational, 2 rotational and 1 vibrational)
Now $C _p$ is given as $(1+\dfrac{f}{2})R=(1+\dfrac{6}{2})R=4R$
and $C _v$ is given as $\dfrac{f}{2}R=\dfrac{6}{2}R=3R$
Thus we get $\dfrac{C _p}{C _v}=\dfrac{4}{3}=1.33$