Tag: introduction to the spheres of the earth

About 71%71% of the earth's surface is covered by water which has blue colour. Therefore the earth looks blue when viewed from the space.
The grains of the Martian soil appear to be coated with iron oxide rust and this planet appears to be red. Also the atmosphere here is filled with dust which gives a strong red colour to this planet. Hence Mars is often called the red plant.
Saturn has well established rings and Neptune has satellite but no rings.

• Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 500 km². The name of the park literally stands for "ten villages" which could be in memory of the ten villages that were relocated for its formation
• Khangchendzonga National Park also Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve is a National Park and a Biosphere reserve located in Sikkim, India
• The Nanda Devi National Park or Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, established in 1982, is situated around the peak of Nanda Devi in the state of Uttarakhand in Northern India
• The Sundarbans is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal.

• The air near the surface consists of nitrogen- 78% and oxygen- 20.9%.
• Thus option A is correct.
• Carbon Dioxide is found in very low quantities i.e. 0.003% hence incorrect.

• During the middle of the 19th century, Africa was referred to as the "Dark Continent," because little was known about the mysterious land itself.
  
•  The term "Dark Continent" was most likely used for the first time by United States explorer and journalist Henry Stanley.
  
•  The reason was that very little was known about Africa - other that its external borders until the Scramble for Africa. Livingstone and other explorers in the middle to late 19th Century "discovered" and mapped internal Africa.
  

• The highest active volcano in the world is Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border in the Central Andes. It rises to 6887 m / 22,595 ft. It has not erupted in historic times, but is an active volcano.
  

• Equatorial radius of the earth = 6378 km
• Polar radius of the earth = 6356 km
• Thus the nearest option is 6371 km . B is the correct option.

• The earth is not a complete sphere as it is a little flat at poles and bulges at the equator which makes its equatorial diameter greater than its polar diameter.
• The equatorial diameter of the Earth is 40075 km.

• The principle factor deciding the temperature of any place on Earth is the angle of sun rays falling upon the surface of the earth. Vertical rays i.e. rays inclined towards the surface bring in more insolation thus earth gets warmer. On the other hand, when the sun rays are inclined away from the earth's surface i.e. slanting rays,  brings in less insolation and thus temperature remains cooler. Thus B is correct.
• Option A is wrong as the distance from the sun does not contribute significantly towards the variation in temperature on earth.
• Option C is wrong as evaporation occurs in all the seasons.
• Option D is wrongly stated.

• New York City is situated in the banks of river The Hudson.
  
• The Hudson River is a 315-mile (507 km) river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.
  
• The river originates in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York, flows through the Hudson Valley, and eventually drains into the Atlantic Ocean, between New York City and jersey city.
  
• The river enters the Hudson Valley, flowing along the west bank of Albany and the east bank of Rensselaer.