Tag: addition polymerisation

Questions Related to addition polymerisation

Order the following monomers with respect to their expected reactivity toward cationic polymerization and explain your answer.
$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCH } _{ 3 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CH-{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }$.

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  2. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <{ H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  4. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 } <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$\text{reactivity is proportional to tendecy of donating electron by braking double bonds.}$

$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

An example of chain-growth polymer is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Nylon - $6,6$

  2. Bakelite

  3. Terylene

  4. Teflon

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Chain-growth polymerization or chain polymerization is a polymerization technique where unsaturated monomer molecules add onto the active site of a growing polymer chain one at a time. Growth of the polymer occurs only at one (or possibly more) ends. Addition of each monomer unit regenerates the active site.
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and teflon  are common types of plastics made by chain-growth polymerization.

Hence, option D is correct.

Polymer used in making floor tiles is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. teflon

  2. polypropylene

  3. polyvinylchloride

  4. buta-1, 3-diene

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Correct Option: C

The monomer unit of PVC is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. propene

  2. vinyl chloride

  3. vulcanised rubber

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The monomer unit of PVC is vinyl chloride. The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

The other names of PVC is/are:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. polychloroethylene

  2. polyvinylidene chloride

  3. polychlororthene

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

The full form of PVC is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. polyvulcanised chloride

  2. pure vulcanised chlorine

  3. polyvinyl chloride

  4. none of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

Which of the following is added to improve flexibility of PVC?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Rubber

  2. Plasticizers

  3. Ethane

  4. Flexicizers

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

With some additives in PVC, the physical and mechanical properties are improved.

Different additives such as plasticizers, fillers, stabilizer, pigments were mixed. These are added in order to increase the elongation i.e; its flexibility.

Which is used in making various types of pipes?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. PVR

  2. PVC

  3. Bakelite

  4. Melamine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is used in making various types of pipes.
Note: PVC thermoplastic polymer. Its properties are between elastomers and fibers. On heating, it becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. It can be remoulded and recycled.

PVC is an example of which kind of plastic?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Thermoplastic

  2. Thermosetting

  3. It is not a type of plastic

  4. Both $A$ and $B$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) is thermoplastic polymer. Its properties are between elastomers and fibers. On heating, it becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. It can be remoulded and recycled.

Which of the following polymer has the tendency of decomposing before melting ?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Polystyrene

  2. PVC

  3. Nylon

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Thermosetting polymers such as Bakelite have the tendency of decomposing before melting. Thermoplastic polymers (such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), polystyrene ) on heating, becomes soft and on cooling, become hard. They can be remolded and recycled. Their properties are between elastomers and fibers.
There is no thermosetting given in the option, all are thermoplastic.
Hence, the correct option is D.