Tag: improvement if crop varieties

The crossing between genetically different plants to produce a new variety is called as hybridization. Genetically modified crops can be produced by insertion of genes with desired traits by the process of hybridization. The parents are allowed to perform hybridization and the offspring is known as the hybrid. The hybrid is allowed to self-pollinate in order to maintain a pure breed of the hybrid. The hybrid varieties are used for better crop production. There is the mating of two different plant species which results in genetic variation. There is the recombination of the characters of both the parent plants. 

The crossing between two plants of different species to produce a new variety is called hybridization. The new plant which is produced is known as the hybrid which possesses superior characters of both the parent plants. The traits which are considered for hybridization are resistance to pests, insects and diseases, an increase in the productivity and high yielding, tolerance to adverse conditions, etc. The hybrid is called as hybrid vigor which has better characteristics when compared to the parental types. 

Hybrid plants can be developed by the breeding of the plants of different species. This is known as the process of hybridization. The parents are genetically different plants. There is segregation of the characters which results in the formation of offspring which have superior characters when compared to the parents. There is recombination which introduces certain new genes in the offspring. Due to genetic recombination, variations are produced. The offsprings are genetically different from the individual parents. 

Hybrid plants can be developed by the breeding of the plants of different species. The parents are genetically different plants. Iris albicans is the sterile hybrid which is developed by breeding of two different species. This is known as interspecific hybridization. This is a sterile plant which spreads by rhizome division.

Answer is option A i.e. "Hybridisation"
The biological species concept defines a species as members of populations that interbreed in nature. According to this concept, organisms belong to the same species if they can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. Reproductive isolation, natural selection and gene pool are applicable to one species.
Hybridisation, on contrary, occurs due to process of combining two different species of organisms to create a hybrid.
Hence, "hybridisation" is not applicable to biological species concept.

Paraguay tea is obtained from leaves of evergreen tree Ilex paraguariensis.