Tag: air and air pollution

Questions Related to air and air pollution

Smog is a combination of :

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. fire and water

  2. smoke and fog

  3. water and smoke

  4. air and water

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Smog is a type of air pollutant, is a combination of smoke and fog. Classic smog results from large amounts of coal burning in an area and its caused by a mixture of smoke and sulphur dioxide.

Smog is often caused by :

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. heavy traffic

  2. high temperatures

  3. calm winds

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Smog is often caused by heavy traffic, high temperatures, sunshine and calm winds.

Which oxides cause acid rains?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Sulphur dioxide

  2. Nitrogen oxide

  3. Carbon dioxide

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Air pollution from burning of fossil fuels is the major cause of acid rain. The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are sulfur dioxide ($SO _2$) and nitrogen oxides. Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds where sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants. this mixture forms a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Sunlight increases the rate of most of these reactions. Rainwater, snow, fog, and other forms of precipitation containing those mild solutions of sulfuric and nitric acids fall to earth as acid rain.

Sulphur dioxide gas can cause acid rain.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The main chemicals in air pollution that create acid rain are $SO _2$ and $NO _x$. 

Acid rain usually forms high in the clouds, where sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water, oxygen, and oxidants this mixture forms a mild solution of sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

Which of the following is/are damages caused by acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility.

  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment.

  3. It causes material damage.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The damages caused by acid rain are:

  1. It depletes the soil of nutrients, increases the acidity of the soil and reduces fertility, as the ideal conditions for the growth of trees are lost. 
  2. It destroys marine life due to change in pH of the environment, making it unfit for habitation by aquatic animals.
  3. It causes material damage such as corrosion of marbles. 

Which of the following reactions is not correct for the formation of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. $\displaystyle { N } _{ 2 }+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2NO$

  2. $\displaystyle 2NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { 2NO } _{ 2 }$

  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }O+2{ NO } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { HNO } _{ 2 }+{ HNO } _{ 3 }$

  4. $\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$\displaystyle NO+{ O } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NO } _{ 2 }$ is the incorrect equation as it is not balanced. 

What is the pH of acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. 5.8

  2. 5.5

  3. 4.2

  4. 3.8

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
 A decrease in pH values from 5.0 to 4.0 means that the acidity is 10 times greater.

Suspended particulate matter like __________ emitted from industries causes yellowing of marble.

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. dust particles

  2. acidic gases

  3. soot particles

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Industries like Mathura Oil refinery near Agra emits certain suspended particulate matter like soot particles. This results in yellowing of marble of the monument.

Which of the following is correct about acid rain?

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Rain which is acidic in nature

  2. Rain which is basic in nature

  3. Rain which is neutral in nature

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When oxides of sulphur and nitrogen which are emitted by the industries, react with the moisture present in the atmosphere, they form acids.

Thus, these acids reduce the pH of the rain falling on the Earth and hence acid rain is acidic in nature.
It's pH acid  rain is 5.5
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Which of the following statements is true about acid rain? 

chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

  1. Acid rain will erode marble statues

  2. Acid rain can change the pH of lakes and streams

  3. Acid rain can be formed from carbon dioxide

  4. Acid rain creates holes in the ozone layer

  5. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Acid rain is caused due to oxides of nitrogen and sulphur reacting with water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other chemicals present high in the atmosphere resulting into acidic pollutants.

As a result of this, $pH$ of rainwater lowers down to $5$ resulting in $pH$ change of lakes and streams.
It also reacts with calcium carbonate present in the marbles causing weathering. 
The oxides of sulphur may also react with $O _3$ present in ozone, thus depleting the ozone layer. Hence all the given statements are correct