Tag: trends in groups and periods

Questions Related to trends in groups and periods

Among I-A elements which is the only non-metal ?

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. Hydrogen

  2. Lithium

  3. Sodium

  4. Potassium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In alkali metals hydrogen is the only non metal diatomic hydrogen gas.

The element symbol for hydrogen is:

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. K

  2. H

  3. He

  4. Hn

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic no. 1 with atomic weight 1.00794 amu,hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form is the most abundant in nature.

Which of the following statements are not true for hydrogen?

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. It exists as diatomic molecule.

  2. It has one electron in its outermost shell.

  3. It can lose electron to form a cation which can exist freely.

  4. It forms a large number of ionic compounds by losing an electron.

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Correct Option: C,D
Explanation:
  • Hydrogen has 1 electron in its outermost shell due to which it combines with other hydrogen by covalent bons and exists as diatomic molecule.
  • Its ionisation enthalpy is very high due to which it does not loose electron and hence, is unable to form cation and ionic compounds. (Ionisation enthalpy is the energy required for the removal of electron from the gaseous isolated atom in its ground state.)

Among I-A elements which can form ionic as well as covalent bonds? 

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. Hydrogen

  2. Cerium

  3. Helium

  4. Sodium

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Hydrogen forms covalent compounds with non metals. In ionic compounds hydrogen can take the form of negative charge when it is known as hydride or a cation.

State True or False.
$H^-$ is unstable in water.

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The given statement is True.
$\displaystyle H^-$  is unstable in water. It abstracts proton from water to form hydrogen molecule.
$\displaystyle H^- + H _2O \rightarrow H _2+ OH^-$
$\displaystyle H^-$  ion is stronger base than $\displaystyle OH^-$  ion.

Hydrogen differs from elements of $I-A$ group as:

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. it can form ionic as well as covalent bond

  2. all are metals

  3. $ H^+$ is unstable in water

  4. both $A$ and $B$

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The options A and B are the correct answers.
Hydrogen differs from elements of $I-A$ group as:
(A) hydrogen can form ionic as well as covalent bond whereas elements of $I-A$ group can form only ionic bonds.
(B) All elements of $I-A$ group are metals. Hydrogen (with very high ionization energy does not possess metallic character).
(C) $H^+$ ion is stable in water.

Hydrogen differs from elements of I-A group as:

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. hydrogen is gas but others are solid at room temperature

  2. all are metals

  3. hydrogen is a non-metal but others are metal

  4. they donate one electron to become cation

Show answer
Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

Group, I A are alkali metals while hydrogen is considered a nonmetal and hydrogen are in gaseous form while alkali metals are all solids at room temperature like sodium, potassium, etc.


So, the correct options are A and C

Hydrogen differs from elements of VII-A group as:

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. it can gain one electron

  2. it has one electron in its valence shell

  3. its electronic configuration is different from other elements

  4. both $B$ and $C$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hydrogen differs from elements of $VII-A$ group as:


(A) Hydrogen can either share or gain or lose one electron whereas the elements of $VII-A$ group can gain one electron.

(B) Hydrogen has one electron in its valence shell whereas elements of $VII-A$ group have 7 valence electrons.

(C) The electronic configuration of hydrogen is different from the elements of $VII-A$ group.

So, options B and C are the correct answers. 

Hydrogen shows similar properties with halogens. Which of the following properties does not match with the halogens?

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. Electronic configuration

  2. Valency

  3. Atomicity

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The atomicity of hydrogen is two. It has one electron in its outermost shell and hence, the valency of hydrogen is also one. Electronic configuration does not match as the s orbital is half filled in hydrogen, which leads to s-s bonding, while p-p bonding exists in halogens, due to vacancy in p orbital.

Hydrogen is similar to alkali metals in terms of:

chemistry study of the first element - hydrogen position of hydrogen in the periodic table hydrogen in periodic table trends in groups and periods

  1. electronic configuration

  2. reducing agent

  3. valency

  4. all of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hydrogen has same electronic configuration as it has only one electrons in its outermost shell. The valency of hydrogen is one and it is a good reducing agent. All these properties are similar to alkali metals.